Terms 1
The motive for an action, decision, or conviction.
What is Reason?
Hobbes' POV is that the "State of Nature" is…
life is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short…if there be no power set up …every man may rely on his own strength
This person directly influenced Thomas Jefferson while he was composing the Declaration of Independence.
Who is John Locke?
“I do not agree with a word you say but I will defend to the death your right to say it.” - Voltaire
What does this mean?
Even if I don’t like what you say, you should have the freedom to say it
movement of the 18th century that stressed the belief that science, logic and reason give people more knowledge and understanding than tradition and religion
What is the Enlightement?
Belongs to people “by nature,” simply because they are human beings (life, liberty, property)
What is "natural rights"?
"No matter where you live, what color your skin or what government you live under, you should always have basic human rights"
Who is John Locke?
"In every government there are three sorts of power"
Who is Montesquieu?
True or False: Montesquieu was directly involved in the development of the US Constitution?
What is False?
To give knowledge or understanding to (someone) : to explain something to (someone)
What is enlighten?
To overthrow and replace an established government or political system by the people governed.
What is revolution?
“…the state of nature would make life solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short…if there be no power set up …every man may rely on his own strength”
Who is Thomas Hobbes?
"I think, therefore I am" - Rene Descartes
What does this mean?
A proof of existence based on the fact that someone capable of any form of thought necessarily exists.
"Power should be a check to power” - Baron de Montesquieu
What does this mean?
Having more than one source of power should limit problems with those in power
The study of ideas about knowledge, truth, the nature and meaning of life, etc
What is philosophy?
Interest in and concern for ideas, opinions, practices, etc., different from one's own.
What is tolerance?
the government needed complete power to protect people
Who is Thomas Hobbes?
Montesquieu influenced Thomas Jefferson through this.
What is Separation of Powers?
True or False: Montesquieu wanted the US to have an autocratic government?
What is false?
agreement in which people give power to a government in return for its protections
What is a social contract?
What are three types of governments that are the opposite of a democracy?
Accept any three reasonable answers. What is reason? Is this reasonable?
This was the purpose of the Constitution in Locke's words.
What is "to secure and protect God-given inalienable natural rights of the people"?
“Man is born free, and everywhere is in chains” - Jean Jaques Rousseau
What does this mean?
While people are free, they are often limited in some way
Enlightenment thinkers _____________ authority and upheld the ____________ of individuals to think for themselves.
What is "rejected" and "freedom"?
government in which the people have the power to make political decisions
What is democracy?