PS1 Philosophers/ Vocabulary
What was the age when philosophers used reason to understand the world, especially individual rights, and the role of government?
Enlightenment
Which Enlightenment Philosophers Ideas impacted the Revolutions the most?
Locke and Voltaire
Resulted in the formation of a new, independent country
American Revolution
Officials are elected by the people to make laws & decisions for the people
Representative Democracy/Republic
Was the Glorious Revolution successful in creating a democratic government?
Why or why not (include the rights and type of government they ended up with)?
Yes it was successful.
Type of Government they ended with: Constitutional Monarch but had some say in the government (parliament).
Rights: Bill of rights gave freedom of speech, taxation, and gave parliament more power.
What are the Rights that belong to all people at birth, such as life, liberty, and property called?
Natural Rights
What idea did Voltaire have and how did this idea impact all three revolutions?
Idea: Free Speech
Impact: In all 3 revolutions, people end up with some freedom of speech in their government documents (constitution)
King or Queen’s right to rule is granted by God
Divine Right Monarchy
Resulted in a constitutional monarchy
Was the American Revolution successful in creating a democratic government?
Why or why not (include the rights and type of government they ended up with)?
Yes it was successful.
Type of Government they ended with: Representative Democracy (Republic)
Rights: People can vote, freedom of speech, freedom of religion.
Who was the Philosopher who supported the separation of powers (three branches of government)?
Montesquieu
What idea did Locke have and how did this idea impact all three revolutions?
Idea: People can revolt
Impact: All three revolutions overthrew Governments that didn't give them rights/liberty
Resulted in the monarchs being executed
French Revolution
King or Queen’s powers are limited by written law
Constitutional Monarchy
Was the French Revolution successful in creating a democratic government?
Why or why not (include the type of government they ended up with)?
No it was not successful.
Type of Government they ended with: They don’t get the government they want and end with an Emperor
Who was the Philosopher who believed that the purpose of government was to protect people’s rights?
Locke
Which revolutions were the MOST democratic?
American Revolution and Glorious Revolution
Who was the Philosopher who supported freedom of speech and religion?
Voltaire
American Revolution: ability to vote
What revolution was the LEAST democratic?
French Revolution