Pre-Enlightenment
Before the Enlightenment, most European countries were ruled by
Monarchs/Absolute Rulers
Enlightenment means
revealing the truth by removing the darkness/ignorance
Both men lived through this devastating event in English history.
The English Civil War
religion
A type of government where people have some say over their lives.
What is a democracy?
True or False: The Church was intensely involved in politics before the Enlightenment
True
Name one era that led to the Enlightenment
Renaissance, Age of Exploration, Scientific Revolution, Reformation
This thinker argued that the only way to harness the evil in society is to establish a very strong ruler to exercise control.
Hobbes
Voltaire argued that _______ was a man made tool used to manipulate and control people; however, he still thought it very useful for giving people hope.
religion
The belief that the rights of an individual are important.
What is individualism?
The person who went before the Catholic Church for an Inquisition.
Who is Galileo?
Most thinkers looked at _____ as the cause of most of the problems in society; it was what needed to be changed.
government/leadership
John Locke said all people have 3 basic inalienable rights:
life, liberty, property/pursuit of happiness
Montesquieu argued that the only way to ensure governments do not abuse power is to
separate the power between equal branches of government
Define autonomy.
What civilizations had governments that enlightenment thinkers took inspiration from.
Who is Greece and Rome?
What question are most enlightenment thinkers seeking an answer to? We call this "the social question"
How to ensure justice and dignity to all people in society?
John Locke believed that real power must come from the ______ in a nation
people
This person wrote about the most important component of a democratic government.
Who is Rousseau? What is voting?
In the United States we call our law making body congress, this is what they were called during the enlightenment and some still today.
What is parliament?
What Renaissance thinkers were the predecessors (they came before) of Enlightenment thinkers?
Humanists
List 3 ways we can see enlightenment ideas in our government today. (rights we have, procedures we follow, organization of ruler)
What is...
Freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom to petition the government, voting, separation of power, and voting?
Overthrow it and establish a just government
An example of a Social Contract.
Answers vary
Define a social contract.
What is an agreement between the government and its people that each party has responsibilities to one another?