Enlightenment
What does tolerance mean?
accepting others even if they have different beliefs
What was Galileo Galilei known for?
Studying the universe with a telescope
What did the outdated geocentric theory claim?
the earth was the center of the universe
What was the result of the American Revolution?
The American colonies won their independence from Britain and formed the United States of America
What are examples of individual freedoms?
personal rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
What laws did Isaac Newton publish?
laws of motion, law of gravity
Who are philosophers?
What was a cause of the French Revolution?
Peasants revolted because the economy was so weak. There was unequal treatment between social classes.
What is cosmology?
the study of our place in the universe
What was Nicolas Copernicus' theory about the universe?
Heliocentric model that places the sun in the center, with planets revolving around it.
Describe limited government.
limits are placed on the leaders of government, citizens rights are protected and written out.
Describe the two parties fighting during the Haitian Revolution.
The enslaved Haitians fought for independence from colonial French rule.
What is the separation of powers?
dividing up responsibilities of the government
Why were some people in the scientific revolution afraid to publish their research findings?
They faced backlash from speaking out against the church's world view at the time.
Describe unlimited government
There are no limits to what the leaders can control. Citizens must be obedient even if rules change.
Who was Toussaint L'Overture?
Haitian slave who led the rebellion against France (imprisioned by Napoleon and died, but his nation was eventually freed).
What century do historians say the enlightenment began?
18th century (1700s)
Which English philosopher argued that people were naturally bad and needed an absolute monarch to keep order?
Thomas Hobbes
What is divine right theory?
The idea that the kings or queens are given the right to rule from God
What is the significance of the year 1776 in history?
1776 is the year that Americans signed the Declaration of Independence, beggining the revolution.