Pre-Enlightenment History
What continent did the Enlightenment begin on?
Europe
What is Popular Sovereignty?
The power in the government is reserved to the people
Why did the Scientific Revolution begin?
scholars began publishing works that challenged the ideas of ancient thinkers and the church
What does Locke say citizens should do if their government doesn't protect their natural rights?
To overthrow or alter the government
What is another name for an Enlightenment "Thinker"
Philosopher
Who held the most power in society in the middle ages?
The Church
What is secularism?
the principle of separation of the state from religious institutions.
What is the scientific method (general definition)?
A logical procedure for gathering and testing scientific data
What type of government does Hobbes believe all people should live under?
Absolute Monarchy
How would you define the Enlightenment?
The new intellectual movement that stressed reason and applied the scientific method to society and government
What happened to the church's influence during the reformation period?
the Catholic Church experienced a significant loss of power, authority, and members
What is deism?
the belief in a creator God who set the universe in motion but doesn't intervene in it, emphasizing reason and nature over religious revelation, miracles
Which scientific revolution thinker proved the heliocentric model?
Galileo
Montesquieu main enlightenment ideal is…
Separation of powers
What invention helped spread Enlightenment ideas?
Printing press
Describe the concept of the divine right of kings
a political and religious doctrine asserting that a monarch's authority comes directly from God
Lockes’ term for people being born with a blank slate
Tabula Rasa
What changes took place during the Scientific Revolution era?
Emphasis placed on reason
What did Rene Descartes mean by the phrase “I think therefore I am”?
The act of thinking itself is proof of existence
Name the revolutions that were inspired by Enlightenment ideas
American and French
What event in Europe led to people wanting to enjoy the finer things in life, known as a period called the "Renaissance"?
The Bubonic Plague
What is a social contract?
agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits, for example by sacrificing some individual freedom for state protection
What are the six steps of the scientific method?
observation, question, hypothesis, experiment, analysis, conclusion
What are Mary’s two main points about women’s rights?
Women aren't inferior they just lack education
Men And women should be treated as rational beings
What are salons AND what is a current-day example?
1. A gathering of people held by an inspiring host where people talked about politics, religion, art, and science
2. Book clubs, online forums, etc.