vocabulary 1
the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.
Genetics
one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
Allele
Gregor Johann Mendel was a scientist, Augustinian friar and abbot of St. Thomas' Abbey in Brno, Margraviate of Moravia. Mendel was born in a German-speaking family in the Silesian part of the Austrian Empire and gained posthumous recognition as the founder of the modern science of genetics.
Gregor Mendel
(of an animal) bred from parents of the same breed or variety.
Purebred
Histology, also microanatomy, is the branch of biology which studies the tissues of animals and plants using microscopy. It is commonly studied using a light microscope or electron microscope, the specimen having been sectioned, stained, and mounted on a microscope slide.
Histology
most important, powerful, or influential.
Dominant
the genetic constitution of an individual organism.
genotype
a hybrid that is heterozygous for alleles of two different genes.
Dihybrid
James Dewey Watson is an American molecular biologist, geneticist and zoologist. In 1953, he co-authored with Francis Crick the academic paper proposing the double helix structure of the DNA molecule
James Watson
Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, those being unicellular, multicellular, or acellular. Microbiology encompasses numerous sub-disciplines including virology, parasitology, mycology and bacteriology.
Microbiology
relating to or denoting heritable characteristics controlled by genes that are expressed in offspring only when inherited from both parents, i.e., when not masked by a dominant characteristic inherited from one parent.
Recessive
the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
Phenotype
the record of descent of an animal, showing it to be purebred.
Pedigree
Francis Harry Compton Crick OM FRS was a British molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist. In 1953, he co-authored with James Watson the academic paper proposing the double helix structure of the DNA molecule.
Francis Crick
Ecology is the branch of biology which studies the interactions among organisms and their environment. Objects of study include interactions of organisms that include biotic and abiotic components of their environment.
Ecology
Homozygous is a word that refers to a particular gene that has identical alleles on both homologous chromosomes. It is referred to by two capital letters (XX) for a dominant trait, and two lowercase letters (xx) for a recessive trait.
Homozygous
the offspring of two plants or animals of different species or varieties, such as a mule (a hybrid of a donkey and a horse).
Hybrid
The Punnett square is a square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding experiment. It is named after Reginald C. Punnett, who devised the approach.
Punnett Square
Barbara McClintock was an American scientist and cytogeneticist who was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. McClintock received her PhD in botany from Cornell University in 1927.
Barbara McClintock
Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. Biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life
Biochemistry
having two different alleles of a particular gene or genes
Heterozygous
a hybrid that is heterozygous with respect to a specified gene.
Monohybrid
Inheritance is the practice of passing on property, titles, debts, rights, and obligations upon the death of an individual. The rules of inheritance differ among societies and have changed over time.
Inheritance
Embryology is the branch of biology that studies the prenatal development of gametes, fertilization, and development of embryos and fetuses. Additionally, embryology encompasses the study of congenital disorders that occur before birth, known as teratology. Embryology has a long history.
Embryology
Anatomy is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science which deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old science, having its beginnings in prehistoric times
Anatomy