Labs + Imaging
Ability of a test to correctly identify an individual as disease free
What is specificity?
Hoarseness PROGRESSES weeks to months; benign lesions but high reoccurrence rate
What is laryngeal papillomatosis?
Most common cause of peripheral vertigo; caused by change in head position
What is benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo?
Characteristic S curve of upper eyelid
What is dacryoadenitis?
In a urinalysis, presence of this indicates carbohydrate metabolism is altered. This presence is often associated with diabetes.
What is ketones?
Measures the CONCENTRATION of hemoglobin in RBCs. Important in monitoring therapeutic treatment of anemia.
What is mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)?
True or False? (answer both individually lol)
1. Centor/McIssac Criteria is diagnosis method for Strep A
2. Hoarseness is a Dx not just a Sx
What is FALSE?
1. Centor/McIssac Criteria just helps you decide you gets tested
2. Hoarseness is NEVER a Dx
Triggered by neck POSITIONS; dysfunction with position receptors in facets of C spine
What is cervicogenic vertigo?
Trace the correct pathway from the eye to the visual cortex in the occipital lobe
Word Bank:
optic track, optic chiasma, eye, optic N, visual cortex
What is
eye - optic N - optic chiasma - optic track - visual cortex (occipital lobe)
Most radiosensitive/at risk during X Rays
1st trimester embryo
DEXA scan for osteoporosis uses this type of imaging
What is nuclear imaging studies/nuclear medicine?
General type of surgery or pathology that can put recurrent laryngeal N at risk for injury, causing vocal cord paralysis
What is thyroid/neck surgery and/or thoracic pathology?
Episodic, position-related vertigo due to otoconia settling on ampulla
What is post-traumatic cupulolithiasis?
You Pick !
Differentiate dacryoadenitis vs dacryocystitis Tx plan
OR
Differentiate pinguecula vs pterygium lesion placement in relation to cornea
acryoadenitis = cool compress bc VIRAL + steroids
dacryocystitis = oral abx + warm compress
pinguecula = conjunctival nodule ADJACENT to cornea
pterygium = fold off fibrovascular tissue from conjuctiva and extending ON the cornea
increased pharyngeal lymphoid tissue, "cobblestoning" appearance in peds upon physical exam
what is allergic rhinoconjuctivitis?
When MRI is preferred for imaging
What is
Brain/Spinal Cord
Soft Tissue Tendon/Ligament Injury
Abd/pelvic cancer staging
Breast Lesion Dx
Vascular Lesions
Name 4 red flags of hoarseness in adults
(hint: red flags -> expedited evaluation)
1. Persistent dysphonia >4 weeks !!!!!
2. Progressive voice change
3. Tobacco or heavy alcohol exposure
4. Hemoptysis
5. Dysphagia or odynophagia
6. Neck mass
7. Unexplained weight loss
8. Unexplained otalgia
9. Stridor or respiratory distress
10. Recent head/neck/chest surgery
11. Recent intubation
12. Neurologic deficits
Changes on a tympanogram; can cause speech delays, balance problems in Peds. Upon otoscopic examination, you see bubbles in the middle ear and dull, hypomobile TM
What is serous otitis media?
differentiate preseptal and orbital cellulitis
Preseptal cellulitis – infection around eyes (lids, skin), Trauma origin; oral abx
Orbital cellulitis – DEEP space infection, can go septic, NEED imaging, usually sinus infection origin; IV abx and possibly surgery
cold and cough meds are ineffective
peds present with fever, sore throat, abd pain, diarrhea, malaise, etc. signs of lymphadenopathy, exudative tonsillitis, benign follicular conjunctivitis
What is Pharyngoconjunctival Fever Syndrome?
Trace X RAY increasing object radiodensity from most radiolucent to most radiopaque
What is air -> fat -> water -> bone -> metal?
Differential Dx for one of the following AND list 3 differentials
- mouth or tongue pain
- sore throat
- hoarseness or change in voice
- difficulty swallowing
mouth or tongue pain = sialadenitis, parotitis, sialolithiasis,
sore throat = viral pharyngitis, GAS, peritonsillar abscess, epiglottis
hoarseness or change in voice = viral laryngitis, vocal cord nodules/paralysis, laryngeal leukoplakia, laryngeal papillomatosis, laryngeal pharyngeal reflux (LPR)
difficulty swallowing = peritonsillar abscess, epiglottitis, LPR, herpangia
Name 2 episodic types of vertigo (im sorry)
What is ...
BPPV
Migrainous Vertigo
post-traumatic cupulalithiasis
meniere disease
Differentiate close angle glaucoma from open angle... give 5 differences
close angle = acute, dramatic elevation of intraocular pressure, intense ocular pain, N/V, halos around lights, fixed, dilated pupil, clouding of cornea; Tx = IMMEDIATE eye drops to lower pressure (B blockers, prostaglandins, carbonic acid inhib, a agonsts)
open angle = chronic; takes time to dx, age > 65, very common, Sx often absent, gradual loss of periph vision, exam findings - optic cup enlargement + high pressure (variable), Tx = same as close angle + surgery
List 3 conditions we learned about and tell me why you do not want to get it (detail required)
TBD