How d'you get in here (cell membrane)?
Get me outta' (or into) here (transport)!
NEED ENERGY?
Speed me up (enzymes)!
Grab Bag!
100
Draw a cell membrane and label the hydrophobic tails, hydrophilic heads, proteins and cholesterol.
Drawing
100
During passive transport, molecules move from an area of ______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration.
High --> Low
100
What is photosynthesis and who does it?
Process performed by autotrophs that uses sunlight to make oxygen and sugar.
100
What is activation energy?
The minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products in a chemical reaction.
100
What is fermentation and when does it happen?
Process of converting glucose into a small amount of ATP when oxygen is not available.
200
What are the main jobs of the cell membrane?
Protect/support cell, regulate what goes in/out, maintain homeostasis
200
During active transport, molecules move from an area of _____ concentration to an area of _____ concentration.
Low --> High
200
What is cellular respiration and who does it?
Process performed by autotrophs and heterotrophs that breaks down sugar to make energy.
200
What is an enzyme?
Protein that speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy needed to start the reaction
200
What would happen to photosynthesis if the light reaction didn't occur?
No ATP produced = no dark reaction.
300
Why is it so important for the cell to be semipermeable?
Regulates what can go in/out of the cell by only letting certain materials pass. Prevents harmful substance from entering.
300
What do diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis all have in common?
Molecules move from high to low concentration without the use of energy.
300
What three things are needed for photosynthesis to happen?
Water, light, carbon dioxide.
300
How does an energy graph of a chemical reaction change when an enzyme is added? Draw a picture to support your answer.
The activation energy line is lower.
300
Enzymes form a temporary bond with a ________________.
Substrate.
400
How does the membrane's structure allow it to be semipermeable?
Hydrophobic heads prevent materials that can dissolve in wate from entering; only small molecules can pass; proteins allow only specific materials in.
400
If the concentration of carbon dioxide molecules is much greater inside the cell than outside, and they can easily pass through the cell membrane, which way will the CO2 molecules travel?
Out of the cell (high to low concentration).
400
What two things are needed for cellular respiration to happen?
Oxygen, glucose.
400
How are enzymes and substrates like a lock and key, and why is that important?
Enzymes only fit very specific substrates, which is important because it helps regulate reactions and ensures that enzymes will be available for certain reactions.
400
Where in our bodies do you think the most mitochondria are found and why?
Muscles - need the most energy and mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration.
500
Why do semipermeable membranes need proteins?
Proteins allow molecules that cannot pass directly through the cell membrane into the cell.
500
If the concentration of water molecules is greater inside a cell than outside, and the concentration of salt molecules is greater outside than inside, which way will the WATER travel and through what process?
Out of the cell through osmosis.
500
Of all of the energy processes, which produces the most energy?
Cellular respiration
500
Amylase is the main enzyme in saliva that breaks the polysaccharides (complex sugars) in bread products down into monosaccharide (simple sugars). Why is amylase important in the maintenance of homeostasis? a. It keeps our body at a constant temperature. b. It speeds up the breakdown of carbohydrates. c. It slows down digestion, which saves energy. d. It makes glucose available for cellular respiration.
B. It speeds up the breakdown of carbohydrates. (enzymes speed up reactions, so this is the only answer that really makes sense)
500
Urination is an important part of maintaining homeostasis because it allows our bodies to release extra water and salts. Fish that live in freshwater lakes and ponds release large amounts of urine many times a day to maintain homeostasis. What is a likely explanation for this phenomenon. a. Large amounts of salt moving across fish cell membranes must be released. b. Large amounts of water moving across fish cell membranes must be released. c. Large amounts of water leave the fish across the cell membrane. d. Large amounts of salt leave the fish across the cell membrane.
B - osmosis is the movement of water, and freshwater fish sure are exposed to a lot of water!
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