What is: Goods had to be moved to and from factories cheap & quickly
100
Who weren’t paid as much, could crawl under machines & retie threads, could be beaten & could be easily replaced
What is Children (esp orphans)
100
What ‘class’ did the Industrial Revolution create?
What is Urban working class
100
Darwin’s theory states that the survival of the fittest isn’t based on strength or intelligence but what?
What is: Ability to adapt
100
When did the Industrial Revolution begin in Britain? (General decade)
What is: 1780
200
What were the two more important materials to run the machine age?
Coal & iron
200
Which group of people were the biggest winners in the IR?
What is: factory owners
200
Why was it hard at first to enforce child labour laws? (What was created that fixed this problem?)
What is: Hard to know how old kids really were
Birth certificate = proof of age
200
What IR economic policy had gov’ts not create laws that would hurt entrepreneurs & workers suffered because they were considered lesser- than people?
What is: Laissez- faire
200
What was a benefit of the enclosure movement?
What is: Joined many small farms into large ones so farming began to be seen as a business that could make profits. This kicked out small farmers & they became the workers for factories
300
Where was the steam engine first used?
What is: To pump water from coal mines
300
Why were factories created / needed?
What is: Factories were too big loud and awkward for home use
300
Which areas of Britain grew the most?
What is: cities/ urban area
300
Which economic belief states that all working class should own all of the land and profit from all manufacturing?
What is: Communism
300
What was the domestic system (or cottage industry) & what was its main negative? (it was the major way of producing goods at the beginning of the IR)
What is:Working from home & wages so low people remained very poor
400
What allowed more food to be grown to supply cities, forced ex-farmers to work in factories, allowed farms to be run by fewer people, and allowed people to eat better & live healthier?
What is: agricultural Revolution
400
What was the first industry to start the IR in Br?
What is: textiles
400
Why was Britain more prepared as a gov’t to start the IR? (what did other Eur nations not have at that time)?
What is: A stable gov’t (had gone through civil war & dealt with religious issues)
400
What was Charles Darwin’s theory called when complex forms evolve into more complex ones (the strongest things would survive)
What is: natural selection
400
How were the new breeds of animals from the Agr Rev better than old, medieval ones?
What is: More meat, thicker wool, hardier (less likely to die / get ill from diseases)
500
What was the Industrial Revolution factory system dominated by?
What is: machinery and manufacturing
500
Why was steam power so important for factories?
What is: You could put factories where they were needed & not necessarily beside water
500
What is the cause & effect key idea of the IR?
What is: One development lead to another (usually people who got rich reinvested in another industry)
500
Describe what an entrepreneur is.
What is: Someone who invests & takes all the risks / benefits of a new business
500
What planted seeds in neat rows & made weeding easier & less seeds were used?