Density & Earth's Layers
Evidence of Plate Tectonics
Plate Boundaries
Convergent Boundaries
Misc.
100
What are Earth's layers from the center to the surface?
inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
100
Wagener proposed that Earth once consisted of a super continent called _______.
Pangaea
100
Name the 3 types of plate boundaries.
Divergent, Convergent, Transform
100
What is it called when one plate sinks underneath another?
Subduction
100
Name two features of an oceanic-oceanic convergent boundary.
Deep Ocean Trenches Island Arcs
200
Earth's layers originally separated due to their difference in what?
Density (Densest layers settle further toward center. Less dense, toward surface)
200
Name 3 pieces of evidence Wegener used to support the continental drift theory.
1) Fossils 2) Climate 3) Geology
200
What is the gap that forms between the ridges at a divergent boundary?
rift valley
200
What causes a plate to subduct underneath another?
It is denser, therefore it sinks.
200
Which layer of Earth has the greatest change in temperature throughout?
Mantle
300
Huge underwater mountain ranges called _______________ appear in every ocean, circling Earth like seams in a baseball.
Mid-ocean ridges
300
What is a rift valley?
A gap that forms as divergent boundaries form.
300
What is one thing similar between oceanic-oceanic subduction and oceanic-continental subduction? What is one thing different?
similar: one plate sinks underneath the other difference: One involves a continental crust. The other involves two oceanic crusts.
300
Name two features of an oceanic-continental convergent boundary.
Deep Ocean Trench Coastal Mountains
400
Tectonic plates also include a layer of hotter, softer rock. What is this layer called?
asthenosphere
400
What is the main, driving force behind tectonic plate movement?
Convection Currents in the asthenosphere
400
How did the discovery of magnetic reversals help develop the theory of plate tectonics?
Provided evidence that Earth's plates move away from mid-ocean ridges.
400
How does each form? Deep ocean trenches Island Arcs
Deep ocean trenches form where one plate is sinking underneath the other. Island arcs form when a sinking plate melts, rises, and forms a volcano that breaches sea level.
400
Finish this statement... "The theory of plate tectonics states that..."
"Earth's lithosphere is made of huge plates that move over the surface of Earth."
500
Which is MORE DENSE, object 1 or 2? Object 1: Mass = 171 grams, Volume = 15 cubic centimeters Object 2: Mass = 148 grams, Volume = 40 cubic centimeters
Object 1 = 11.4 Object 2 = 3.7
500
Name the three pieces of evidence that help scientists further prove Wagener's continental drift theory later in the 1950's.
Sea-floor spreading, Age of the sea floor, ocean trenches
500
Give an example of a hot spot. In what two ways do can hot spots be used to track plate movement?
Hot spot - Hawaii or Yellowstone They are used to track plate direction and speed.
500
Why doesn't either plate sink underneath the other at a continental-continental covergent boundary? Instead, what happens at this boundary?
They both have the same density. Both plates push into each other and push up, causing mountains to form.
500
Pick one of these features below: -Himalayan Mountain Range -Andes Mountains on the coast of South America -Volcanoes on Japan -Volcanoes on the Alaskan island chain -Swiss Alps Tell what time of boundary is creating those features and HOW.
-Himalayan Mountain Range - continent-continent collison -Andes Mountains on the coast of South America - ocean-continent subduction -Volcanoes on Japan - ocean-ocean subduction -Volcanoes on the Alaskan island chain - ocean-ocean subduction -Swiss Alps - continent-continent collision
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