VOCABULARY
REGULATION
FACTORS AFFECTING ENZYME ACTIVITY
100
What is a catalyst?
a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change
100
What is an example of how to turn off an enzyme?
competitive inhibitor, noncompetitive inhibitor, or Allosteric regulation.
100
What are all the factors that affect enzyme activity?
temperature, pH, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration
200
What is a substrate?
the name of the reactants
200
What is the difference between reversible and irreversible inhibition?
Reversible inhibitor is a temporary binding between the inhibitor and the allosteric site of the enzyme. It can allow for the enzyme to return to its normal shape to function properly. Irreversible inhibitor is a permanent binding between the inhibitor and the allosteric site of the enzyme. Thus, the active site changes shape and the substrate is unable to bind to it.
200
What happens at 34 degrees celcius what is the highest point called what happens after 34 degrees celcius (look at board for graph)
a) the enzyme works perfectly because 34 degrees celcius is the optimal temperature for the enzyme. b) optimal c) the enzyme will denature and slowly stop working
300
What is an active site?
the particular site on the enzymes to which the substrate binds and the active site is where catalyst takes place
300
What is the difference between competitive and noncompetitive inhibitor?
competitive inhibitor - competes with the natural substrate for the active site. noncompetitive inhibitor - binds to an enzyme at a site distinct from the active site.
300
How does pH affect the structure of the enzyme and enzyme activity?
If enzyme is not at optimal pH it's structure will be denatured. Any change in pH either too high or too low will cause a decrease in the rate of enzyme activity.
400
What is activation energy?
the minimum quantity of energy that the reacting species must possess in order to undergo a specified reaction.
400
What is feedback inhibition?
A cellular control mechanism in which an enzyme that catalyzes the production of a particular substance in the cell is inhibited when that substance has accumulated to a certain level, thereby balancing the amount provided with the amount needed.
400
What will happen if there is an over abundance of substrate concentration?
in the beginning there will be an increase in the rate of reaction but after a certain concentration any increase will have no effect in the rate of reaction.
500
What is the enzyme-substrate complex?
the binding of a substrate to the active site of an enzyme produces an enzyme-substrate complex that is held together by one or more means, such as hydrogen bonding, electrical attraction, or temporary covalent bonding.
500
What is positive and negative allosteric regulator?
Positive allosteric regulator activate something, increasing the rate of reaction. Negative allosteric regulators inactive something, decreasing the activity of the enzymes.
500
Which of the following is not true? a) Temperature can affect enzyme activity b) Change in pH affects the chemical structure of the enzyme c) 34 degrees Celsius is the optimal temperature. d) none of the above
c) 34 degrees Celsius is the optimal temperature
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