Properties of
Rocks & Minerals
Earth's Changes
Types of Rocks
Layers of the Earth
Miscellaneous
100
What property describes the outside appearance of a mineral?
What is color.
100
What are the two types of rapid changes and two types of slow changes that the Earth's surface goes through?
What are volcanic eruptions and earthquakes (rapid) and erosion and weathering (slow).
100
What are the three types of rocks?
What are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
100
What are the four layers of the Earth (from the outside - in)
What are the crust, mantle, outer core, inner core.
100
How many plates is the Earth's crust broken into?
Thirteen Plate called tectonic plates.
200
How easily a mineral is scratched is a minerals ____________. This property is tested by the __________ test.
What is hardness, and scratch test.
200
What is the breakdown of Earth's crust into sediment caused by changes in the atmosphere, such as water, wind, and temperature?
weathering
200
How is a sedimentary rock? Give two examples.
A rock formed over time when pieces of sediment and organic matter settle into layers. These layers get pressed down and stick together. Ex. sandstone, limestone, shale, and coal.
200
What are the thickest and thinnesr layers of the Earth?
What is the mantle (thickest) and crust (thinnest).
200
A mountain that open into a molten pool of rock below the earth, which sometimes erupts is called a...?
What is a volcano.
300
What is luster?
The way a mineral reflects light...shiny or dull.
300
When two of Earth's plates move toward each other, and one plate is pushed down while the other is folded or pushed up forms what type of landform?
What is a mountain.
300
How is an igneous rock formed? Give two examples.
Igneous rocks are formed when melted rock like magma or lava cools and hardens. Ex. pumice, granite, and basalt.
300
What two metals make up the inner and outer core?
What are nickel and iron.
300
What is a rock?
A rock is a solid Earth material that is made up of one or more ingredient called minerals.
400
What is fracture or cleavage of a mineral?
How a mineral splits or breaks...smooth or jagged.
400
When two plates move sideways against one another and then release creating a sudden shaking, rolling or sudden shock to the Earth's surface, what type of change is caused?
What is an earthquake.
400
How are metamorphic rocks formed? Give two examples.
Metamorphic means change, so metamorphic rocks are formed from the other two types of rocks. When an igenous, sedimentary, or metamorphic rock are put under great heat and pressure it will change into a metamorphic rock. Ex. slate, marble, and gneiss.
400
What two rocks is the crust MOSTLY made up of?
What basalt and granite.
400
What is the name of the most active volcano on Earth and the largest volcano in the universe?
What are Mount Kilauea in Hawaii and Olympus Mons on Mars.
500
True or False: one property is enough to identify a mineral?
False
500
What slow change is the movement of rocks, soil, and sediment caused by water, wind, ice, people, and animals.
Erosion.
500
What are the two types of igneous rocks and how are they different?
Intrusive (formed inside the Earth when magma cools and hardens) and extrusive (formed outside the Earth whan lava cools and hardens).
500
Why is the inner core a solid ball?
Because it is under intense heat and pressure.
500
What is a mineral?
A mineral is a pure earth material, which means it is the same throughout. One or more mineral makes up rocks.
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