Problem formulation
Design
Analysis
Writing
Tests
100
a characteristic that can take on different values
What is a variable
100
The selection of a group of people to represent a bigger group of people
What is sampling
100
the probability that the relationship between variables is produced by sampling error
What is p value
100
the strength of the relationship between the IV and the DV
What is effect size
100
a test appropriate when both the IV and the DV are nominal
What is chi-square
200
A synonym for predictor variable
What is independent variable?
200
Poor measurement of variables
What is measurement error
200
the most common alpha level
What is .05
200
a circular graph appropriate for variables at the nominal level
What is pie chart
200
a test to describe the relationship between the IV and the DV when both are scale
What is correlation
300
The specification of how we will measure variables
What is operationalization
300
A systematic distortion of a sample drawn from a population
What is sampling bias
300
the type of hypothesis that we test
What is null
300
a graph that uses bars which is useful for displaying ordinal, interval, or ratio data
What is histogram
300
the assumption that choosing one case for a sample neither increases nor decreases the likelihood of choosing another
What is independence of observations
400
A hypothesis that states that the variables are not related
What is null
400
the natural tendency of any sample to differ its population
What is sampling error
400
demonstration that a relationship between variables is unlikely to have been produced by chance
What is statistical significance
400
a measure of central tendency that uses all data in its calculation
What is mean
400
a test to compare the means of three or more groups when the outcome variable is scale
What is ANOVA
500
A variable that influences what affect the IV has on the DV
What is extraneous or intervening
500
respondents giving answers that make them look good
What is social desirability bias
500
not rejecting the null hypothesis when the variables are truly related
What is type 2 error
500
the sum of squares divided by the number of cases minus 1
What is variance
500
a test of normality
What is Shapiro-Wilk
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