EXAM 4
EXAM 4
EXAM 4
EXAM 4
EXAM 4
100
a description of the best predictor of this years budget is last years budget plus a little bit more
What is incrementalism
100
a policy document allocating burdens (taxes) and benefits (expenditures)
What is the budget
100
A) a type of legislation used in the US to authorize the activities of the various agencies and programs that are part of the federal gov of the US. Originate in either house. B) is a bill that appropriates (gives to, sets aside for) money to specific federal government departments, agencies, and programs. Originates in house (required by discretionary spending NOT mandatory)
What is authorization and appropriation bills
100
Which committees write tax codes in Congress?
What is Ways & Means and Senate Finance
100
who prepares the budget for the President and for Congress?
What is President-Office of Management and Budget Congress-CBO and committees for analysis
200
the result of government policies that have made some groups automatically eligible for benefits. These expenditures result from mandates of current law or obligations from previous laws.
What is uncontrollable expenditures?
200
? President Eisenhower coined the phrase to characterize and warn against the close relationship between military hierarchy and the defense industry that supplies its hardware needs
What is Military Industrial Complex
200
deficit- excess of federal expenditures over federal revenues. 
reason for debt- re run deficits, every year
What is the major reason why the national debt increases?
200
In order to control mandatory spending, the budget process uses the reconciliation process. The reconciliation process makes it easier for Congress to change current law in order to bring revenue, spending, and debt-limit levels into conformity with the policies of the annual budget resolution…how program authorizations are revised to achieve required savings
Every program requires one
What is budget reconciliation
200
where the U.S. government gets its revenues
What is 1) personal income taxes
 2) corporate income taxes
3) social insurance taxes
300
Revenue a government foregoes through the provisions of tax laws that allow deductions, exclusions, or exemptions. EX) TAX EXEMPTIONS FOR FARMERS OR CHARITABLE DONATIONS
What is tax expenditures?
300
the 16th Amendment
What is Income tax..don’t need to apportion among states Congress to levy an income tax
300
Social services provided by gov for citizens aka WIC Medicare etc.
What is Social Welfare Policies
300
A) the federal health insurance program for people who are 65 or older, certain younger people with disabilities
What is Medicare
300
the largest source of funding for medical and health-related services for people with low income in the United States
What is medicaid
400
the estimated minimum level of income needed to secure the necessities of life
What is poverty line
400
- extremely generous with their benefits
pays a high price for its generous benefits.
What is Europe
400
gov. takes the same share of income from everyone.

What is proportional tax
400
(SPEND LESS, GET LESS) Provides fewer benefits
What is United States
400
burden falls relatively more heavily on low income groups than on wealthy taxpayers.
What is regressive tax
500
gov. takes a greater share of the income of the rich than of the poor

What is Progressive
500
demonstrates the relationship between a nation's investment in defense and civilian goods
What is "guns and butter"
500
Power to declare war raise and organize armed forces appropriate funds for nation security activity The "power of the purse" responsible for the oversight of the executive branch
What is Congress as it relates to foreign policy
500
A foreign policy strategy advocate by George Kennan that called for the united states to isolate the Soviet Union and resist in encroachments by peaceful means if possible but by force if necessary.
What is containment
500
What do international economic policies emphasize?
independency - a mutual dependency, in which the actions of nations reverberate and affect one another's economic lifelines. The health of the American economy depends increasingly on the prosperity of its trading partners and on the smooth flow of trade and finance across boarders.
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