It is low effort or automatic thinking, the thinking that is nonconscious, unintentional, involuntary, or effortless.
100
Judgmental heuristics
It is mental shortcuts people use to make judgments quickly and efficiently.
100
Attribution theory
It describes the way in which people explain the causes of their own and other people’s behavior.
200
Past experiences
Quick judgments is based on this when using automatic thinking.
200
Availability heuristic
It is a mental rule of thumb whereby people base a judgment on the ease with which they can bring something to mind.
200
Causal attribution
Although nonverbal behavior and implicit personality theories provide a guide to understanding others, this type of attribution states that there is still substantial ambiguity about why people act the way they do.
300
What are schemas?
They assist people to organize their knowledge about the social world around themes or subjects and that influence the information people notice, think about, and remember.
300
Representativeness heuristic
It is a mental shortcut whereby people classify something according to how similar it is to a typical case.
300
Fritz Heider, father of attribution theory.
He believed that people are like amateur scientists, trying to understand other people’s behavior by piecing together information until they arrive at a reasonable cause.
400
Counterfactual thinking
It is a manner of mentally changing some aspect of the past as a way of imaging what might have been.
400
Analytic thinking style
It is a type of thinking in which people focus on the properties of objects without considering their surrounding context; this type of thinking is common in Western cultures.
400
The covariation model
This model states that in order to form an attribution about what caused a person’s behavior, we systematically note the pattern between the presence (or absence) of possible causal factors and whether or not the behavior occurs.
500
Social perception
The study of how we form impressions of and make inferences about other people.
500
Counterfactual thinking
It is mentally changing some aspect of the past as a way of imagining what might have been.
500
An internal attribution
People are most likely to make this type of attribution when consensus and distinctiveness are low but consistency is high; they are most likely to make an external attribution when consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency are all high