When two plates spread apart. Away from each other.
100
What do P and S waves stand for?
Primary and Secondary waves.
100
What type of boundary creates volcanoes?
Convergent boundary. (Continental- Oceanic, and Oceanic- Oceanic)
100
What is the theory that led up to Plate Tectonics?
The theory of Continental Drift.
200
What is created by Transform boundary?
Earthquakes
200
Which wave is slowest? Primary or Secondary?
Secondary
200
When a volcano erupts, over time what crust ends up farthest away from the volcano?
The oldest crust slowly shifts away from the volcano over time.
200
What are the plates that float on the upper part of the mantle?
Lithospheric Plates
300
TRUE OR FALSE: In a transform boundary, crust is created AND destroyed.
FALSE
300
What is a surface wave?
When both P and S waves reach the surface at the same time.
300
What is a hot spot, and where is a major one in the US?
Places where magma rises through the crust creating volcanoes, and in Hawaii.
300
What is the theory of Plate Tectonics?
Explains why and how large sections of Earth's crust move and how many of Earth's features form.
400
What boundary creates trenches, volcanoes, and destroys old crust?
Convergent boundary.
400
What is the difference between an epicenter and the focus of an earthquake?
An epicenter is the point on Earth's surface directly above where the energy is released, and the focus is where the energy is released either in the crust or mantle NOT the surface.
400
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Magma is lava underground, and lava is magma above ground.
400
What and where are convection currents?
They are located in the mantle, and cause the asthenosphere to flow slowly carrying the plates with it.
500
What is the difference between a mid-ocean ridge and a rift valley?
A mid-ocean ridge is in the ocean, and a rift valley is on land.
500
What is a seismograph?
A machine used to record seismic waves. Can be used through Triangulation.
500
What are two things that volcanoes do?
They add new land and create islands, and they destroy much of the land around them.
500
Who invented Pangaea and what was it?
Alfred Wegener, and it was the idea that all of our continents were once one large landmass and over time was spread apart, the large landmass was named Pangaea.