nature of science and earthquakes
what earths made of
Random
plate tectonics
igneous rocks and volcanoes
100
How is the magnitude of an earthquake determined?
What is By using a graph that shows the aptitude of the waves it takes the highest height of the waves and uses the Richter scale to determine the severity of it
100
How do scientists map the ocean floor?
What is By using sonar to send sound signals and determine the features of the ocean. Also by using magnetic reversals to determine the age of the features they record.
100
Where is the oldest part of the ocean floor?
What is The farthest parts away from mid-ocean ridges are the oldest parts of the ocean floor
100
Where are most convergent boundaries found?
What is On the edge of continental slopes where oceanic plates meet continental plates.
100
Determine the different volcanoes size, location, type of magma, and explosiveness.
What is Shield: Largest, divergent boundaries, basaltic magma, not very explosive. Composite: Medium size, subduction zones, andesitic magma, and very explosive. Cinder Cone: Smallest, convergent boundaries, basaltic, scoria, and andesitic magma, and pretty explosive.
200
How do you find the epicenter of an earthquake?
What is There must be three different readings of the difference between how fast P and S waves got to a station. Circles are drawn at each station with the radius of the time lapse, and the point at which the circles meet is the epicenter.
200
Define these terms: Continental shelf: Continental slope: Abyssal Plane: Deep-sea Trench: Mid-Ocean Ridge:
What is Continental shelf: The area where the continent and ocean meet often forming beaches. Continental slope: The slope going down from the continental shelf. Abyssal Plane: The flattest part of the ocean deep below the surface. Deep-sea Trench: The deepest part of the ocean where subduction zones occur. Mid-Ocean Ridge: Underwater mountain ranges which form new oceanic crust that push the continents.
200
Why was Wegener's theory not accepted?
What is He had no way of proving how the continents moved because they process was too slow for him to test.
200
Why does the ocean floor have different magnetic reversals?
What is Every hundred million years or so the magnetic pull of the earth switches and reverses causing the magnetic pull of oceanic plates to reverse.
200
What are the different types of volcanoes?
What is Shield, Cinder Cone, and Composite volcanoes
300
List the different waves generated by earthquakes and explain how fast they move and what they can move through?
What is P- Push and Pull, Fastest, move through everything S- Up and Down, Slower, move only through solids I- Surface waves that cause the most damage
300
Describe Wegener's hypothesis about continental drift.
What is Wegener believed that the earth was once one big super continent called Pangaea and that over a long period of time the continents drifted apart to where they are now.
300
What are the phases of matter of the layers of the earth?
What is Asthenosphere: Pliable - moves like plastic Outer Core: Liquid Everything else: Solid
300
What is a mantle plume?
What is Hot regions of the earth's mantle where high temp. magma plumes rise to the surface and create volcanoes and islands.
300
What are intrusive and extrusive rocks?
What is Intrusive: Have very coarse and porphyritic textures Extrusive: Have glassy, fine, vesicular, and porphyritic textures.
400
what causes earthquakes?
What is the plates interacting with each other. The faults at which plates come together have tension and push against each other and when they move they create earthquakes.
400
What is the difference between continental and oceanic crust?
What is Continental Crust: Less dense, thicker, and made up of lighter minerals. Oceanic Crust: More dense, less thick, and made up of heavier minerals.
400
As you go deeper into the earth heat _____, and pressure _____?
What is Increases, Increases
400
What is convection in the layers of the earth?
What is Hot magma rises above cold magma and is pushed up onto the surface through mid-ocean ridges. Ridge push causes the plates to move away from mid-ocean ridges, and slab pull causes them to get pulled down into subduction zones and melt.
400
How are igneous rocks classified?
What is By color which determines the composition of the rock, and by texture which determines the origin of the rock
500
Define Hypothesis? Define Theory? Define Law?
What is a proposed explanation. What a model that has been tested over and over again, and has been reviewed and accepted by peers. What is a general statement about how the natural world behaves that has been supported a countless number of times.
500
List the layers of the earth from top to bottom?
What is Crust, Uppermost Mantle, Asthenosphere, Upper Mantle, Lower Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
500
How is science different from other forms of knowing?
What is Science is just the study of why things happen in the natural world. It does not solve answers that have to do with higher beings, or what the purpose of life is.
500
What are the different types of plate boundaries and explain them?
What is Convergent: Two plates pushing against each other causing a subduction zone or a rise. Divergent: Plates splitting apart creating new ocean floor forming mid-ocean ridges. Transform: Plates sliding past eachother
500
Differentiate between magma and lava?
What is Magma: Molten rock beneath the ground Lava: Molten rock above the ground
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