Privacy
Accused
Civil Rights Movement
Minorities
Miscellanious
100
This right isn't ever mentioned in the Constitution, but has still been ruled on by the Supreme Court.
What is the "right to privacy"?
100
Which amendment applies the protections found in the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth and Eighth Amendments to the states?
What is the Fourteenth Amendment?
100
These three amendments respectively: abolished slavery, gave former slaves citizenship, due process and equal protection, and prohibited voting denial based on race or former slavery.
What are the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments?
100
This political technique is often corruptly used to racially or economically discriminate against groups of people by disenfranchising them.
What is redistricting?
100
This is a government policy designed to correct the effects of past discrimination.
What is affirmative action?
200
The First, Third, Fourth, Ninth, and Fourteenth Amendment creates these.
What are "zones of privacy"?
200
This Supreme Court case ruled that suspects in police custody have certain rights and must be informed of them (such as the right to an attorney).
What is Miranda v. Arizona (1966)?
200
Black codes kept former slaves politically helpless through these three techniques, and Jim Crow laws enforced this state of living.
What are poll taxes, literacy tests, grandfather clauses, and public segregation?
200
This Supreme Court case ruled the violation of rights committed during WWII against Asian-Americans through internment and acts such as the 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act to be illegal.
What is Korematsu v. U.S. (1944)?
200
These are those rights belonging to everyone, protections against government guaranteed by the Constitution, legislation, and judicial decisions.
What are civil liberties?
300
This Supreme Court case recognized the constitutional right of privacy for a woman to determine whether to terminate a pregnancy.
What is Roe v. Wade (1973)?
300
This rule is the Supreme Court's effort to deter illegal police conduct by barring evidence that has been obtained through illegal search and seizure (violating the Fourth Amendment) from court.
What is the exclusionary rule?
300
In this first Supreme Court case, the Supreme Court upheld the Jim Crow laws by allowing separate facilities if they were "separate but equal", and in this second Supreme Court case, the Supreme Court overturned its previous decision, ruling "separate but equal" to be unconstitutional.
What are Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) and Brown v. Board of Education (1954)?
300
This amendment gave women the right to vote.
What is the Nineteenth Amendment?
300
This speech is using actions and symbols to convey an idea rather than words, which is sometimes subject to government restriction when it endangers public safety.
What is symbolic speech?
400
This Supreme Court case ruled that certain amendments created "zones of privacy" and redefined the concept of enumerated (or physically stated in the Constitution) rights.
What is Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)?
400
This Supreme Court case ruled that evidence obtained without a search warrant was excluded from trial in state courts, which was an application of the exclusionary rule to the states.
What is Mapp v. Ohio (1961)?
400
This 1964 act prohibited discrimination in employment and in public accommodations, outlawed bias in federally funded programs, and created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC).
What is the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
400
This 1990 act forbid employers and owners of public accommodations from discriminating against people with disabilities (by providing wheelchair-accessible facilities, hiring fairly). It also created the Telecommunications Relay Service, which allowed hearing- and speech-impaired people to access telephones. It has also been criticized for backfiring.
What is the 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act?
400
This freedom states that you must be brought before the court and informed of charges against you.
What is the writ of habeas corpus?
500
This agency conducts wiretapping domestically against US citizens, which was started during 2001 in the wake of the 9/11 terror attacks and leaked to the public by Edward Snowden, and has been the subject of a variety of debates regarding the right to privacy.
What is the NSA?
500
The death penalty's legality has often been questioned on constitutional grounds because of this amendment.
What is the Eighth Amendment?
500
This Executive Order in 1948 by Harry Truman ordered the desegregation of the armed forces.
What is Executive Order 9981?
500
This clause in the Fourteenth Amendment was used in the 1996 Supreme Court case Romer v. Evans to determine that a Colorado constitutional amendment invalidating state and local laws protecting gays and lesbians from discrimination was unconstitutional.
What is the Equal Protection Clause?
500
These two tests provide a standard against discrimination, developed by the courts to prevent wanton prejudice in legislation by examining if the discrimination has a legitimate purpose and if it reflects prejudice, requiring a compelling reason for it. This is based on the idea that some forms of discrimination may be valid (such as age limits).
What are the rational basis and strict scrutiny tests?
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