This type of selection is chosen by humans and selects the best traits for the organism.
What is artificial.
100
The hypothesis that all species are descended from common ancestors was proposed by _______________
What is Charles Darwin
100
This principle helps explain why
birds and reptiles share a number of inherited characteristics.
What is common descent
100
Darwin’s concept of natural selection was NOT influenced by
a. his collection of specimens.
b. his trip on the H.M.S. Beagle.
c. the work of Charles Lyell.
d. knowledge about the structure of DNA.
What is d. knowledge about the structure of DNA.
100
What did Charles Darwin learn from reading the work of James Hutton and Charles Lyell? Gradual change operating over ______ periods of time can result in dramatic changes.
What is long
200
Similar patterns of embryological development in different but related organisms are responsible for the formation.
What are homologous structures.
200
The idea that events like war, starvation, and disease could prevent the endless growth of human populations was presented by __________________
What is Thomas Malthus.
200
The species of finches that Charles Darwin found on different Galápagos Islands varied in certain structural adaptations. One of the most significant adaptations that Darwin noted was the birds' _____________________
What is different-shaped beaks.
200
Each of the following is a condition necessary for natural selection to occur EXCEPT
a. population size is very large.
b. more offspring are born than can survive.
c. fitness varies among individuals.
d. there is heritable variation among members of the population.
What is a. population size is very large.
200
On the Galápagos Islands, ___________ observed species similar to mainland South American species.
What is Charles Darwin
300
Study of where species and their ancestors live.
What is biogeography.
300
One scientist who attempted to explain how rock formations, such as rock layers, form and change over time was ____________
What is James Hutton
300
Charles Darwin called the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment
What is fitness.
300
Which of the following ideas is supported by Darwin’s observation of local variation among tortoises in the Galápagos Islands?
a. artificial selection
b. tendency towards perfection
c. adaptation
d. acquired characteristics
What is c. adaptation
300
Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection explains each of the following EXCEPT how _______ traits are passed from parent to offspring.
What is inherited
400
What principle does the Grants’ investigation of finch adaptation in the Galápagos Islands best support?
What is natural selection.
400
This economist suggested that without certain checks on population size, there would soon be insufficient food for the growing human population.
What is Thomas Malthus.
400
Based on the adaptations Charles Darwin observed in finches and tortoises in the Galápagos, he wondered if species living on different islands had once been members of the same _________.
What is species
400
Darwin realized that the economist Malthus’s theory of population control
a. could be generalized only when populations lived in crowded conditions.
b. could be generalized to any population of organisms.
c. applied only to humans.
d. explained why the number of deaths exceeded that of births.
What is b. could be generalized to any population of organisms.
400
The number and location of bones of many fossil vertebrates are similar to those in living vertebrates. This is evidence in support of which of the following concepts?
What is common descent
500
In humans, the pelvis and femur, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur are no longer used. What are these structures called?
What is vestigial.
500
This scientist proposed that organisms have an innate tendency toward complexity and perfection.
Who is Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
500
Charles Darwin viewed "what" as useful support for his theory.
What is the fossil record
500
Modern sea star larvae resemble some primitive vertebrate larvae. This similarity may suggest that primitive vertebrates
a. evolved before sea stars.
b. evolved from sea stars.
c. belong to the same species as sea stars.
d. share a common ancestor with sea stars.
What is d. share a common ancestor with sea stars.
500
According to the Grants’ investigation of Galápagos finches, what happened to the beaks of finches? Beaks became _______ over many generations.