Temperature
Heat
Energy
States of Matter
Transferring Energy
100
The word "thermometer" comes from which two greek words?
"thermo" meaning "heat" or "temperature" (the Greeks weren't specific), and "meter" meaning "measure".
100
What are the three methods of heat transfer?
Conduction, Convection, Radiation
100
Can energy EVER be created or destroyed?
NO!!!!!!!!! Energy is never created or destroyed, it only changes form.
100
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas
100
When I hold a ball five feet above the ground, and then drop it, what conversion of energy takes place?
potential ---> kinetic
200
What is the lowest possible temperature, in Celsius?
-273.15 C
200
What is conduction?
Conduction is the transfer of heat through TOUCHING, from particles with more kinetic energy (i.e. vibrating more) to particles with less kinetic energy (i.e. vibrating less).
200
List 5 forms of energy.
nuclear, kinetic, potential, solar, wind, electromagnetic energy
200
What is the boiling point of water, in Kelvin?
373.15 K
200
Imagine bowling ball attached to a string, pulled to the level of my face like a giant pendulum. When I release the ball, will it ever swing as high as my face? Why not?
A little bit of energy is lost to friction in the string and friction against the air (air resistance). This slightly heats up the system, leaving less energy for bringing the ball back to face level.
300
What are 3 reasons that measuring temperature is important?
-planning outdoor activities, how to dress -planning crops/agriculture -cooking -melting metals/industrial processes -LOTS MORE!
300
What is radiation?
The transfer of heat through electromagnetic rays
300
What is the "energy of movement"?
kinetic energy
300
Which state(s) of matter has(have) fixed shape?
solid
300
How can we design houses to protect against heat loss? Describe 3 ways.
Prevent heat loss by insulating walls, doors, and windows. Ensure seals are air-tight to prevent escaping warm-convection currents. Polyurethane insulation prevents heat from being conducted through walls. Curtains prevent heat from radiating into space.
400
What exactly is "temperature"? (Use the particle model in your description)
Temperature is the average kinetic energy of all the particles in a substance.
400
What exactly is "heat"? (Use the particle model in your description)
Heat is the TRANSFER OF ENERGY from warmer (more kinetic energy) particles to cooler (less kinetic energy) particles.
400
What exactly is "energy"? (Use a "w" word in your description)
Energy is the capacity to do WORK.
400
Which state(s) of matter has(have) variable volume?
gas
400
Explain how a block of ice on the sidewalk will acquire heat from conduction, convection, and radiation.
Conduction - touching the sidewalk Convection - heat carried by wind/air Radiation - heat transferred from the sun to the block of ice
500
Explain what a bimetallic strip is and how it works.
Bimetallic strips are made of two metals. One metal expands faster than the other. The one that expands the most over a certain change in temperature curls around the other metal, forcing the strip to bend.
500
Explain how convection currents occur. (Use the particle model and DENSITY in your explanation)
As particles warm up, they move faster, take up more space, and have a lower density. Warm, low-density fluid is lighter (per volume) than cold, high-density fluid, so warm fluid moves up, and cold fluid moves down. This creates a convection current.
500
What THREE factors affect potential energy? (In other words, what are three things you could change to give an object more potential energy)
The MASS of the object, the HEIGHT of the object, and the strength of the force of GRAVITY E(p) = mgh
500
In our recent science experiment, explain why food colouring spread through the warm water faster than the cold water. Use the particle model in your explanation.
The particles in warm water have more kinetic energy and move faster than particles in cold water. This means that the particles of food colouring get bumped around more, and spread throughout the container faster.
500
Explain why energy is not destroyed, even when we are dealing with non-renewable resources.
We will run out of oil and gas, but energy is never destroyed. When fossil fuels are burned, much energy is wasted as heat, and some energy radiates into space. The earth might loose energy, but the energy still exists somewhere!
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