Health Care-Culture
Child Development
Coping/Renal
Gastrointestinal
Cardiovascular
100
Which of the following has the greatest impact on reducing infant mortality? a) Improved perinatal care b) A decrease in the number of congenital defects c) An increase in maternal nutrition d) Improved funding for programs, such as WIC
a) Improved perinatal care
100
When assessing an infant, how should the nurse proceed for the physical exam? a) Work systematically from head-to-toe b) Assess eyes, ears, nose, and mouth first c) Listen to the heart and lungs first d) Assess reflexes first
c) Listen to the heart and lungs first
100
Which of the following best describes the family systems theory? a) The family system is the sum of its individual members b) A change in the life of one member rarely affects others c) One family member is usually the source of problems d) Disruption in any component can change the entire system
d) Disruption in any component can change the entire system
100
In a child with severe dehydration, rapid fluid replacement is necessary in the initial phase. Which of the following orders would be considered most appropriate for an 11-kg child? a) 110 mL of 0.9% normal saline IV b) 220 mL of D5 lactated ringers IV c) 220 mL of 0.9% normal saline IV d) 110 mL of D5 lactated ringers IV
c) 220 mL of 0.9% normal saline IV
100
True or false: Children with heart failure need additional calories to support their daily metabolism.
True
200
Which of the following is an example of secondary disease prevention? a) Immunizations b) Early diagnosis/screening c) Strict isolation d) Treatment
b) Early diagnosis/screening
200
When assessing a child at six months, how much of a difference should there be between the child's current body weight and their weight at birth?
The weight at six months should be double their birth weight.
200
A child with a chronic illness is being discharged from the hospital soon. Encouraging the family to assume total care of the patient before discharge would be considered: a) Appropriate because the family naturally wants to help b) Appropriate because it will aid in the transition to home c) Inappropriate because it is considered a legal issue d) Inappropriate because the family should have a break
b) Appropriate because it will aid in the transition to home
200
Which of the following is the most accurate statement relating to esophageal atresia? a) Smaller amounts of food intake are acceptable b) The trachea and esophagus have failed to become distinct passageways c) It is most commonly associated with maternal polyhydramnios d) Symptoms are typically cleared with antibiotics
c) It is most commonly associated with maternal polyhydramnios Distinguish between esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula. How is it treated?
200
A 15-kg child with heart failure has produced 32 mL of fluid in the past four hours. Which of the following statements are FALSE? (Select all that apply) a) Heart failure is causing fluid retention in this patient b) The child will likely not show any signs of edema c) The child's output should be documented as normal d) Fluid restriction and diuretics are possible treatments
b) The child will likely not show any signs of edema c) The child's output should be documented as normal
300
Which of the following principles is the foundation for pediatric nursing care? a) Treatment of disease b) Episodic treatment plans c) Accountability d) Maintaining health
d) Maintaining health
300
An 8 year-old child is able to add, subtract, and carry on a conversation. In what Piaget stage would this child be classified? a) Sensorimotor b) Concrete Operational c) Pre-operational d) Formal Operational
b) Concrete Operational
300
Denial is a common reaction to the diagnosis of a disability or chronic illness. Which applies to denial as a defense mechanism? a) Denial is maladaptive. b) Denial is a necessary cushion to prevent disintegration of the family's psyche. c) Denial prevents a sense of hope. d) Denial prevents the mobilization of energies toward goal-directed, problem-solving behavior.
b) Denial is a necessary cushion to prevent disintegration of the family's psyche.
300
All of the following signs and symptoms would indicate biliary atresia EXCEPT: a) Hepatomegaly and jaundice b) Clay-colored stools c) Tea-colored urine d) Projectile vomiting
d) Projectile vomiting HOW IS THIS TREATED?
300
Coarctation of the aorta most commonly occurs... a) Near the site of the ductus arteriosus b) In the descending aorta c) Immediately distal to the aortic valve d) Within the coronary arteries
a) Near the site of the ductus arteriosus
400
The parent of a hospitalized child tells the nurse, “We do not eat meat. We are practicing Buddhists and strict vegetarians.” The most appropriate intervention by the nurse is to a) order the child a meatless tray. b) tell the parent to take any meat off the child’s meal tray. c) ask the parent if they would like to have a Buddhist priest visit. d) explain to the parent that meat provides protein needed to heal their child.
a) order the child a meatless tray.
400
An 18 month-old child is exploring the world for herself and developing a sense of physical control over her environment. What Erikson stage would best describe the toddler age? a) Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt b) Industry vs. Inferiority c) Initiative vs. Guilt d) Trust vs. Mistrust
a) Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
400
A young child is diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux. The nurse should know that this is usually associated with a) incontinence. b) urinary obstruction. c) recurrent kidney infections. d) infarction of renal vessels.
c) recurrent kidney infections How is VUR treated?
400
Which of the following orders should the nurse question in a child post-op from cleft palate repair? a) Immobilize the elbows b) Provide PRN pain medication c) Suction the mouth as needed d) Maintain child's NPO status
c) Suction the mouth as needed
400
Which of the following conditions would be the priority for a heart transplant? a) Tetralogy of Fallot b) Coarctation of the aorta c) Atrial septal defect d) Hypoplastic left heart
d) Hypoplastic left heart
500
The nurse is planning care for a patient with a different ethnic background from the nurse’s own. The most appropriate goal for the nurse in caring for this patient is to a) strive to keep ethnic background from influencing health care. b) encourage continuation of ethnic practices in the hospital setting. c) attempt, in a nonjudgmental way, to change ethnic beliefs. d) adapt, as necessary, ethnic practices to health needs.
d) adapt, as necessary, ethnic practices to health needs.
500
A nurse is teaching a parent about watching for developmental concerns for a child at six months. Which of the following should the parent report to a physician? a) The child is unable to stand on his own b) The child's vocabulary is limited to one-syllable phrases c) The child is unable to distinguish himself in the mirror d) The child has a blunted affect
d) The child has a blunted affect
500
A child in renal failure has hyperkalemia. Which foods should be avoided? a) Cold cuts, chips, and canned foods b) Hamburger on a bun and lime Jell-O c) Spaghetti with meat sauce and breadsticks d) Bananas, carrots, and green leafy vegetables
d) Bananas, carrots, and green leafy vegetables WHAT IS THE NORMAL K VALUE?
500
Which of the following demographic factors describe a child at risk for pyloric stenosis? (Select all that apply) a) White b) Preterm delivery c) Female d) Term delivery
a) White d) Term delivery
500
Which of the following is an example of an acyanotic heart defect? a) Tricuspid atresia b) Patent ductus arteriosus c) Tetralogy of Fallot d) Transposition of great arteries
b) Patent ductus arteriosus
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