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Adaptations

100

Euglena is a microscopic organism that lives in freshwater ponds. It has chloroplasts, moves by a flagellum, and has an eyespot that is sensitive to light. Euglena would MOST LIKELY respond to sunlight by swimming —

toward the pond surface

200

Sea turtles have a salt gland that empties into their eyes and makes them appear to be crying salty tears. This salt gland is an adaptation that allows the sea turtle to maintain its internal environment while living in the ocean. This adaptation MOST LIKELY helps the sea turtle by —

maintaining the concentration of chemicals in the fluid in its blood and cells

300

During the hot, dry African summer months, African clawed frogs can dig deep burrows into the mud. The frogs leave a small hole open for air supply. They can stay in these burrows for up to 10 months. These frogs MOST likely live in these burrows in order to —

Conserve Water

400

Cells in a person's body begin to take in large numbers of sugar molecules from the bloodstream. They store the molecules for future use. A person with this type of cellular activity has MOST likely just —

finished a meal

500

How does the body respond to dehydration?

Producing less Urine

Scientific Data

100

A student measured how long it took for two chemicals to react completely at 20 °C. Then, the student repeated the experiment at 30 °C and 40 °C. Each time, the student used the same amount of each chemical. Chemical Reaction Results Trial Temperature (°C) Time (seconds) 1 20 48 2 30 24 3 40 12 The student plans to repeat the experiment, using the same amount of each chemical, at 60 °C. Based on the information in the table above, how long will it take the chemicals to react completely?

3

200

A student measures the masses of each of 20 seeds. Each seed is planted in a separate pot with a number written on it. The student then records how long it takes a seedling to appear in each pot. Suppose the student makes a scatter plot of the data. Which of these should be the label for the x-axis?

Mass of seeds

300

A student wants to make a display that will show all of the different energy sources for the United States. Which display would make it easiest to compare the amount of energy coming from each source and would show that the sources add up to 100 percent of the energy used in the United States?

Circle Graph

400

A student built five model bridges and carried out an experiment to see how much of a load each design would hold. The results are shown below. Model Load held (g) 1 601 2 233 3 346 4 591 5 502 Which of the following BEST explains why the student should use a bar graph rather than a line graph to display the data?

A bar graph is better for showing different categories of discrete data.

500

Pollen in the air enters a person's nose. The pollen causes the person to sneeze and have a runny nose. Which of the following BEST explains why the body responds this way?

to force pollen to leave the body

Genetics

100

A student hypothesizes that green pod color in pea plants is dominant and yellow pod color is recessive. Which observation would disprove this hypothesis?

Two plants with yellow pods produce an offspring with green pods.

200

Justin is a tall, blond-haired, blue-eyed soccer player who likes to cook. Based on the information in the chart, which is an inherited trait from his mother?

his blue eyes

300

Which of the following diagrams illustrate sexual reproduction?

II & III

400

A plant breeder is MOST likely to produce offspring with new combinations of traits by —

exchanging grains of pollen between two different colored roses

500

During asexual reproduction in paramecia, a single paramecium becomes two new paramecia. The genetic material of the new paramecia is usually —

identical to the original

Genetics 2

100

The genotypes for hair color for the parents are: Father: hh Mother: Hh Which of the following Punnett Squares correctly represents the possible genotypes for hair color for the offspring?

Hh, hh, Hh, hh

200

In humans, eye color and hair color are controlled by several genes. For the following questions, assume that each is controlled by only one gene. For eye color, brown (B) is dominant over blue (b), and for hair color, black (H) is dominant over blonde (h). A male with blue eyes produces offspring with a female that has brown eyes. Which of the following represents possible parental genotypes for eye color?

Father: bb, Mother: Bb

300

In humans, eye color and hair color are controlled by several genes. For the following questions, assume that each is controlled by only one gene. For eye color, brown (B) is dominant over blue (b), and for hair color, black (H) is dominant over blonde (h).

What is NOT a possible genotype for eye color for the offspring?

400

Which sequence below correctly lists the cell parts containing genetic information from largest (broadest) to smallest (most specific)?

nucleus, chromosome, gene, allele

500

As an onion undergoes mitosis, an onion cell will make a copy of its genetic material which leads to the development of an identical daughter cell. Which part of an onion’s cells contains the genetic material needed for mitosis to produce these identical daughter cells?

Chromosomes within the nucleus