In this type of study, the exposure and outcome are measured at the same time
What is a cross-sectional study?
100
This type of measure considers only new cases of a disease in a specified time period
What is cumulative incidence/incidence/risk?
100
Section of the CDC health impact pyramid that deals with poverty
What is Socioeconomic Factors?
100
Biomedical ethics or public health ethics: focus on equity
What is public health ethics?
100
Describe one effective program that prevents against malaria
What is the use of insecticide treated bed nets?
200
This type of study is considered the gold standard for causal inference
What is a randomized controlled trial?
200
This type of measure considers existing cases at one point in time
What is prevalence?
200
New York City recently passed a law to ban the use of trans fats in foods served in restaurants. What section of the Health Impact pyramid does it fall under?
What is Changing the Context?
200
Beneficence, Justice, or Respect for Persons: the risks must be justified by the benefits
What is beneficence?
200
Which factor or factors lead to the highest risk of depression?
What is a combination of stressful environment and biologic vulnerability?
300
This type of study is not valid for causal inference
What is Ecological or Cross Sectional?
300
This type of measure is valid for a case-control study
What is odds/odds ratio?
300
This part of the Re-AIM framework deals with ensuring that the effects of a program are long-lasting
What is Maintenance?
300
Two pillars of the framework for public health?
What are minimize burdens and fair implementation?
(Others: public health goals, program effectiveness, known burdens, balance of benefits and burdens)
300
Among poor people, this age group is at highest risk of depression
What is the 40-59 age group?
400
In this type of study, participants are selected based on whether they have the disease or not
What is a case-control study?
400
Name two types of measures that are valid for a cohort study
What are risks/risk ratios and odds/odds ratios?
400
Name two important criteria for evaluating whether there's evidence for a public health intervention
What are internal and external validity?
400
In the Tuskegee Syphilis studies, participants were actively prevented from seeking treatment. Which ethical principle was violated?
What is Respect for Persons
400
One link on the vaccine 'chain of infection' that, if broken, could interrupt the spread of disease?
What is susceptible host (also causative agent, reservoir, portal of exit/entry, mode of transmission)
500
In this type of study, people without disease are followed for a period of time, and then assessed to find out whether they have the disease in question or not
What is a cohort study?
500
This measure is valid for an ecological study
What is correlation (r)?
500
Internal or external validity: conclusions are appropriate to the study population
What is internal validity?
500
In the story of Typhoid Mary, name one of the aspects of Public Health Ethics that would differ from Biomedical Ethics?
What is population-focus versus individual focus
500
True or False: in order to control the spread of a disease, you need to vaccinate the entire population