Public Opinion
Political Parties
Campaigns
Voting
Random
100
A person's attitude toward a political party. This has the most consistent effect on political opinions and attitudes.
What is partisanship?
100
The practice of awarding jobs, grants, licenses, or other special favors in exchange for political support.
What is patronage?
100
Campaign content that attacks an opponent’s position on an issue, performance in office, or personal traits. This type of campaigning is unpopular, but is still used due to its effectiveness.
What is negative or attack campaigning?
100
The amendment responsible for increasing the number of individuals eligible to vote by lowering the voting age to 18. Paradoxically this amendment ultimately lowered overall voter turn-out.
What is the 26th Amendment?
100
A method of developing attitudes*, in which throughout an individuals' life they acquire political beliefs and values based on their experiences and interactions with others. *An organized and consistent manner of thinking and feeling about people, groups, social issues, or, more generally, any event in one’s environment.
What is political socialization?
200
A citizen who is highly attentive to and involved in politics or some related area and to whom other citizens turn for political information and cues. Often belong to a group of people called issue publics, or subsets of the population who are better informed than everyone else about an issue because it touches them more directly and personally.
What is an opinion leader?
200
The three connected parts of the party system.
What is the party in government, party organization, and party in the electorate?
200
Contributions and spending specifically for state and local party-building and get out-the-vote activities, NOT for a specific candidate's campaign.
What is soft money?
200
Voting for the party in control, or “in-party” when one thinks the government is performing well; voting for the outs when one thinks the government is performing poorly.
What is performance voting?
200
When a party receives legislative seats in proportion to its share of votes. This helps preserve smaller parties and allows votes for other candidates not to be 'wasted.'
What is proportional representation?
300
Tool developed in the twentieth century for systematically investigating the opinions of ordinary people, based on random samples.
What is scientific polling?
300
An electoral alliance that was the basis of Democratic dominance from the 1930s to the early 1970s. The alliance consisted of Catholics, Jews, racial minorities, urban residents, organized labor, and white southerners.
What is the New Deal coalition? *Part of the Fifth Party System
300
The law that provided partial public funding for presidential campaigns and required full public reporting of, and strict limits on, all contributions and expenditures in federal elections. It also established a commission to enforce campaign finance law and collect and publish information on campaign contributions and expenditures.
What is the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971?
300
Voting for candidates based on their positions on specific issues, as opposed to their party or personal characteristics.
What is issue voting?
300
The news media’s influence on how citizens make political judgments, through emphasis on particular stories
What is priming?
400
Providing a context that affects the criteria citizens use to evaluate candidates, campaigns, and political issues.
What is framing?
400
The term used to describe a voter's tendency to turn to the less objectionable of the major-party candidates that have a chance to win, if their favorite party has no chance of winning.
What is Duverger's Law?
400
The Supreme Court case that determined that campaign spending restrictions violate the 1st Amendment, but campaign contribution restrictions do not.
What is Buckley v. Valeo (1976)?
400
A mental device allowing citizens to make complex decisions based on a small amount of information.
What is cognitive shortcut? *Example: Candidate’s party label is most commonly used shortcut. It tells voters a lot about candidate's positions on issues.
400
The failed presidential candidate set forth by Democrats to represent a Populist platform during the Fourth party system.
Who is William Jennings Bryan?
500
Uncertainties in public opinion, as revealed by responses to polls, that arise from the imperfect connection between the wording of survey questions and the terms in which people understand and think about political objects.
What are measurement errors?
500
The time during the First Party System during which there was very little inter-party conflict.
What is the Era of Good Feelings?
500
The four basic sources for campaign funding for Congressional candidates.
What are individuals, PACs, personal money, and party organization? *party organization includes coordinated and independent expenditures
500
The model to predict who votes based on people caring about who wins the election, how costly it is to vote, and their sense of civic duty
What is the civic duty model?
500
A ballot prepared and distributed by government officials that places the names of all candidates on a single list and is filled out by voters in private.
What is an Australian Ballot?
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