Earth's Atmosphere
Meteorology
Air Pollution
Controlling Air Pollution
Review
100
21 percent of the atmosphere is composed of.....
What is oxygen?
100
T or F Warm air can hold LESS water vapor than cooler air.
False - warm air holds MORE water vapor.
100
Carbon-containing fuels (fossil fuels) formed millions of years ago from the remains of...
What are living organisms?
100
T or F As a result of the Clean Air Act, today, gasoline used by cars and trucks in the United States contains very large quantities of lead.
False, most cars and trucks use UNLEADED gasoline.
100
This gas interferes with the body's ability to deliver oxygen to cells...
What is carbon monoxide?
200
The lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, the one directly above the ground, is the...
What is the troposphere?
200
A ratio that compares the amount of water vapor the air contains to the amount that the air can hold at that temperature is....
What is relative humidity?
200
A __________ can trap smog close to the surface. It happens when a layer of cool, dense air stays near the ground and under a layer of warm air.
What is a temperature inversion?
200
Pollutants are removed or changed chemically before they leave factory smokestacks by a(n)...
What is a scrubber?
200
T or F Trace amounts of some air pollutants may contribute to cancer.
True.
300
The pattern of atmospheric conditions in large geographic regions over long periods of time...
What is climate?
300
The source of the energy that drives air movement in the troposphere and influences weather and climate is the...
What is the sun?
300
___________ pollutants are produced when they react chemically with other substances.
What are secondary pollutants?
300
Ozone depletion was caused by _______________, which were used in refrigerators and aerosol spray cans.
What are chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)?
300
The acids that form from pollution in the atmosphere then settle to the surface of Earth are called acid...
What is deposition?
400
List the four main layers of the atmosphere from HIGHEST to LOWEST altitude.
What is the thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, and troposphere?
400
The type of heat transfer that is primarily responsible for creating winds.
What is convection?
400
Describe two effects of acid deposition.
1 - Harm ecosystems killing fish, plants, and forests. 2 - Destroy stone buildings and statues.
400
The type of heat transfer that does not require direct contact...
What is radiation?
400
The term __________ was used to describe the area of lowered ozone concentration over Antartica.
What is ozone hole?
500
The force exerted by air on the area below it.
What is air pressure?
500
Compare and contrast warm and cold fronts.
Compare - both can cause rain Contrast - Cold fronts bring cold, dry air that wedges underneath warm, moist air - abrupt - causes thunderstorms. Warm fronts bring warm air that slides over the top of cold air - gradual - causes light precipitation
500
Compare and contrast primary and secondary air pollutants.
Compare - both can cause respiratory problems, cancer, smog, and/or acid rain. Contrast - Primary - are immediately hazardous when released Secondary - must react with other things in the atmosphere before it becomes a "pollutant"
500
Was the Montreal Protocol a success? Explain.
Yes, the Montreal Protocol eliminated the use of CFCs in refrigerators and aerosol spray cans which allowed the ozone "hole" to decrease in size.
500
Give an example of how human activities can make natural air pollution worse?
Examples - Starting unnatural forest fires Farming and grazing aiding in dust, etc. in the air
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