Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
100
The arm travels through a wide range of movements, and in each of these the scapula cooperates by placing the glenoid fossa in the most favorable position for the head of the humerus.
What is scapulohumeral rhythm.
100
The elbow is this type of joint.
What is a hinge joint.
100
Which large group of leg muscles helps to flex the knee and which large group of leg muscles helps to extend the knee?
The hamstrings help to flex the knee and the quadriceps help to extend the knee.
100
Which muscles are located entirely within the foot, and which muscles have distal tendon attachments on the foot but are otherwise located outside it.
Intrinsic muscles are located entirely within the foot. Extrinsic muscles have distal tendon attachments on the foot but are otherwise located outside it.
100
This is known as a lateral deviation of the spine.
What is scoliosis.
200
Name the four ligaments that reinforce the sternoclavicular articulation.
The anterior sternoclavicular The posterior sternoclavicular The interclavicular Costoclavicular
200
In the anatomical position, the forearm is abducted in relation to the humerus and thus creates this.
What is the carrying angle.
200
The spherical head of the femur fits into this deep cup-shaped structure.
What is the acetabulum.
200
These are circular rims of fibrocartilage situated on the articular surfaces of the head of the tibia that help to absorb shock.
What is the menisci.
200
These are primarily muscles of some phase of swallowing, but they contract in cervical flexion whenever the movement is performed against resistance.
What are hyoid muscles.
300
Name the muscles of the shoulder girdle that are located on the anterior side of the body
Pectoralis Minor Serratus Anterior Subclavius
300
From the anatomical position, this is a sideward movement in the frontal plane, whereby the hand moves away from the body with the thumb side leading.
What is radial flexion.
300
This buttocks is the largest and most superficial of the three.
What is the gluteus maximus.
300
The medial side of the ankle joint is protected by five strong, ligamentous bands, four of them connecting with the medial malleolus of the tibia with the posterior tarsal bones, the calcaneus, talus, and navicular. These four ligaments collectively are known as which ligament?
What is the deltoid ligament.
300
The sternocleidomastoid muscle arises from two heads, one from the top of the __________ and the other from the top of the clavicle.
What is the sternum.
400
Name the muscles of the shoulder girdle that are located on the posterior side of the body.
Levator Scapulae Rhomboids Trapezius
400
Opposition of the thumb includes these three movements.
Abduction Hyperflexion Slight inward rotation
400
This is the only muscle of the quadriceps femoris group that also crosses the hip joint.
What is the rectus femoris.
400
This is a forward-upward movement of the foot in the sagittal plane, so that the dorsal surface of the foot approaches the anterior surface of the leg.
What is dorsiflexion.
400
This articulation allows for rotation of the head about the neck.
What is the atlantoaxial articulation.
500
This is a medial movement of the scapula toward the spinal column combined with a reduction of lateral tilt.
What is Adduction/Retraction.
500
These are the three important flexors of the forearm.
Brachialis Brachioradialis Biceps Brachii
500
Name the three hamstring muscles.
Biceps Femoris Semimembranosus Semitendinosus
500
This is a normal hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio.
What is 55-60%.
500
Explain the specific characteristics that contribute to the spine’s stability and modify its mobility in one way or another. Please describe both active and passive.
Active: - Maintaining muscle stiffness in the spinal muscles is a dynamic activity. - The tension in postural muscles must constantly adapt to changes in position, load, and even breathing pattern. - The neuromuscular base for stability is dependent on voluntary control, reflex activity, and feedback responses. Passive: - The tendency of the compressed intervertebral disc to push the vertebrae apart, combined with the tendency of the ligaments to press them together, is an important factor in the stability of the spinal column. - There is a direct relationship between the thickness of the discs and the degree of movement permitted, with greater freedom of motion where the discs are thick.
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