His "laws" of genetics defined how we inherit one copy of each gene from each parent
What is Mendel
100
what type of bases make up the "rungs" of the DNA molecule
What is nitrogenous bases
100
RNA is synthesized as a complementary strand by what type of enzyme
What is RNA polymerase
100
Translation makes what type of chain using directions from an mRNA strand
What is Polypeptide
100
Main mechanism for DNA packaging
What is Nucleosomes
200
Found that amounts of A=T and C=G in any DNA molecule
What is Chargaff
200
what is the "backbone" of the DNA molecule made of
What is deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
200
What is the site where the RNA polymerase initially binds to DNA during transcription
What is Promoter
200
What do you call sequences of three bases that instruct for the addition of a particular amino acid
What is Codon
200
What is the charge of a DNA molecule
What is Negative
300
Their x-ray diffraction studies indicated that the DNA molecule is helical in shape
What is Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins
300
What do nucleotides consist of in the DNA molecule
What is deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base
300
RNA polymerase uses ribonucleotide triphosphates (NTPs) to build a strand in what direction
What is 5' --> 3'
300
What site of the enzyme complex is where the completed part of the polypeptide chain will be attached to tRNA
What is P site
300
What are the main structural and catalytic components of ribosomes where proteins are produced
What is rRNA
400
their studies in the 1940s identified DNA as the "transforming principle"
What is Avery and colleagues
400
What are the 2 purines called
What is Adenine and Guanine
400
What pyrimidine functions in place of thymine during transcription
What is Uracil
400
The initiator tRNA is always charged with what amino acid
What is Methionine (AUG)
400
Where does the process of translation take place within the cell
What is cytoplasm
500
His studies of pneumococcus in mice found that rough (R) strains did not kill mice, smooth (S) strains did kill mice, and that the heat killed S+R strain did kill mice
What is Griffith
500
What are the 2 pyrimidines called in an RNA molecule
What is Uracil and Cytosine
500
What term means toward the 3' end of the RNA strand, or toward the 5' end of the template strand during transcription
What is Downstream
500
tRNA linked to its appropiate amino acid by enzymes called what
What is aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
500
Who developed the "one gene, one polypeptide" hypothesis