Theory
Ethics
Theory Part 2
Ethics Part 2
Credentials & Settings
100
This is a set of interrelated concepts, definitions, and propositions that presents a systematic view of events or situations by specifying relations among variables in order to explain and predict the events of the situation.
What is a theory?
100
This infamous study was conducted by the US Public Health Service from 1932-1972. During this study, investigators observed the progression of a particular disease in poor African American male sharecroppers. When treatment became available for this disease, it was concealed from program participants. Name this famous study.
What is the Tuskeegee Syphilis Study?
100
This theory categorizes people who adopt a particular health behavior as consumers and further divides consumers into the following groups: Innovators, Early Adopters, Early Majority, Late Majority, and Laggards. What is this theory?
What is Diffusion Theory?
100
In this famous study, students were given what live Hepatitis A by researchers in order to study its progression in an uninfected population.
What is Willowbrook?
100
While working in this common setting, a health education/promotion specialist typically has the following major responsibilities: teaching, community and professional service, and conducting scholarly research.
What are colleges and universities?
200
Defined by famous psychologist Alfred Bandura, this is the name for a construct defined by situation-specific confidence in one’s own ability to perform a certain task or function.
What is self-efficacy?
200
_______ exists when a selected few can relate a participant’s identity back to the information they provide.
What is confidentiality?
200
This stage theory draws from a number of theories and is best used for addressing behavior change that take time such as weight loss and smoking cessation. This theory contains constructs such as pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.
What is Transtheoretical Model?
200
Often, our research leads us to work with adolescents under age 18 and/or adults who cannot legally give consent such as incarcerated populations. In these instances, consent has to be obtained from a legal guardian and _____ is obtained from the adolescents/adults unable to give consent.
What is assent?
200
Working in these settings, health education/promotion specialists are typically called upon to provide education to patients and translation of medical jargon and/or direct health and fitness programs for employees. Unfortunately, there is often a concern in this type of environment in what the patient’s insurance company will pay for.
What are healthcare settings?
300
This type of ethical theory does not take the goodness of consequences into account when evaluating the moral status of an act. Here, the end DOES NOT justify the means.
What are deontological theories?
300
As a health education specialist, you know that it is unethical to push someone into trying to progress towards changing or adopting a health-related behavior. You respect your clients for who they are as individuals. This practice is in accordance with Thiroux’s fifth principle of the Basic Principles for Common Moral Ground otherwise known as what?
What is Individual freedom/equality principle/principle of autonomy?
300
A type of ethical theory, this type evaluates the moral status of an act by the goodness of the consequences. Here, the end DOES justify the means.
What are teleological theories?
300
What ancient Greek citizen is famously associated with philosophy and the study of ethics? He made a great contribution in the form of a particular questioning method that led students to realizations about concepts such as goodness and justice.
Who was Socrates?
300
The American Heart Association, the American Lung Association, and the Child Welfare League of Louisville are all examples of organizations formed by citizens advocating for health needs they do not feel are already being met by the government. These organizations are also examples of _______, another site where health education/promotion specialists typically practice.
What are voluntary health organizations?
400
This theory incorporates both the idea of a person-centered web of relationships depicted with nodes and ties and also the beneficial effects of supportive networks on health status.
What is Social Network Theory?
400
_____ exists when no one can relate a participant’s identity back to their information.
What is anonymity?
400
When using this planning model, you start with the desired final consequences and work backwards. It is composed of 8 phases, divided into 2 main components. Its associated constructs include predisposing, reinforcing, enabling, policy, regulatory, and organizational constructs in educational and environmental development.
What is PRECEDE-PROCEED?
400
Protecting the privacy of our patients, clients, and research participants is crucial. Two laws were passed in order to ensure that health professionals take care to safeguard personal health information.
What are HIPAA and GINA?
400
This refers to planned and systematic activities necessary to provide adequate confidence that a product or service will meet given requirements. For our purposes, the health education specialist or public health specialist is the product being produced and we have a credentialing system in place to ensure that they are adequately prepared.
What is quality assurance?
500
Originally developed to help explain why people would or would not utilize a particular health resource, this well-known example of an intrapersonal theory is made up of constructs such as perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and likelihood of taking action.
What is the Health Belief Model?
500
Going back to Tuskeegee, the fact that researchers concealed study participant’s infection status and did not notify participants about or provide penicillin when it became available are examples of them inflicting harm, not preventing harm, and not removing harm when it was present. In this instance, the research investigators would be considered to have ignored the principle of what?
What is Nonmaleficence?
500
This theory is best known for containing constructs such as locus of control, self-efficacy, and reinforcement and is centered on the idea that reinforcement contributes to learning. The combination of reinforcement coupled with an individual’s expectations of a particular behavior’s consequences contributes to learning.
What is Social Cognitive Theory or Social Learning Theory?
500
In the Willowbrook studies, Children were a “captive”, vulnerable population who were fed live Hepatitis A virus so that researchers could study the natural progression of the disease. After infection, the children were not offered treatment or improved access to available care. The harm/badness was unfairly distributed to this population and they reaped none of the benefits of the study (ex. any knowledge that might be gained from the study). The researchers in this instance are violating which of Thiroux’s Basic Principles for Common Moral Ground?
What is Justice/Fairness?
500
Improved patient/client experience, improved outcomes and patient/client satisfaction, and lower costs are the three components of what Institute of Medicine goal?
What is the Triple Aim?
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