Vocabulary
Hydrocarbons
Polymers, Proteins, and Lipids
Hydroxyl, Caboxyl, and Amino Groups
Misc.
100
How many bonds does a saturated hydrocarbon have? What about unsaturated hydrocarbons?
Saturated - four single bonds; Unsaturated - double OR triple bonds
100
How many bonds does a hydrocarbon with an -ene ending have? -ane ending? -yne ending? Also, which ones are unsaturated and which ones are saturated?
double bond - unsat.; single bond - sat.; triple bond - unsat.
100
Is a polymer a molecule? What make up polymers? Polymerization bonds monomers together in a _________ reaction. What is a polyethylene?
Yes; Monomers; Chemical reaction; The large molecule formed when polymerization occurs many times;
100
Which group contains the formula -COOH? How about -NH2? How about -OH? How about -CH3?
carboxylic group; amino group; hydroxyl group; methyl group;
100
How do the 20 amino acids differ? Are nonessential amino acids made inside the human body?
They each contain a different fourth bond; Yes
200
What is a lipid? Also, what type of lipid is found in produce from animals?
Lipid- an organic compound that contains the same elements as carbohydrates - carbon, hydrogen, oxygen - but in different proportions; Cholesterol is found in produce from animals. Cholesterol is NOT a fat and is NOT found in plants
200
Which hydrocarbon is used in camp stoves and grills? Which hydrocarbon is used in lighters? Which hydrocarbon is used in making detergent bottles? Which hydrocarbon is used in synthetic rubber? Which hydrocarbon is used to help ripen fruit? Which hydrocarbon is used to help welding? Which hydrocarbon is used in stoves or furnaces?
propane - butane - propene - butadiene - ethene - ehtyne - methane
200
What type of carbohydrate is glucose and fructose? What is glucose found in? How about fructose? What is sucrose? How can it enter cell membranes?
sugars; glucose - grapes, bananas; fructose - ripe fruit, honey, corn syrup, sweeteners; sucrose - a combination of glucose and fructose; enters cell membranes by breaking down into glucose and fructose
200
T/F: - hydrogens can be subbed out of hydrogcarbons to make a substituted hydrocarbon
True
200
What can protein make up? How many amino acids are not produced by your body?
ligaments, tendons, muscles, cartilage, hair, fingernails; 8
300
An alcohol is formed when a ________ _________ replaces a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon. When a carboxyl group is substituted in a hydrocarbon, what substance is formed?
hydroxyl group; carboxylic acid;
300
T/F: Most compounds are made of more than just carbon and hydrogen atoms.
False: many compounds are made of only carbon and hydrogen
300
T/F: - starches are small carbohydrates - cellulose makes up long and stiff fibers in plant cell walls - cellulose must be used as an energy source by humans - lipids are commonly called fats and oils
F; T; F; T;
300
What is the substance formed what a carboxyl group is substituted for a hydrocarbon? What is the simplest one of these?
Caboxylic acid; formic acid;
300
What are the 3 branches of carbohydrates? T/F: - starches are sources for large amounts of energy - beeswax is a type of carbohydrate
sugars, starches, cellulose; T; F- beeswax is a lipid;
400
What is an isomer? Are hydrocarbons with the prefix cyclo- an isomer? Why or why not?
Isomer- compounds that have the same molecular formula but in different arrangements; Cyclo- is not an isomer, for it contains two less covalent bonds (hydrogen atoms)
400
T/F: Shorter hydrocarbon chains have low boiling points, so they are not usually found in oils and waxes.
True: Long hydrocarbon chains are found in oils and waxes, not short hydrocarbon chains;
400
What type of chemical reaction produces lipids? Can lipids be unsaturated AND saturated? In which case are the lipid molecules closer together?
Endothermic reactions (absorbs energy); Yes; Saturated (unsaturated lipids have double bonds, preventing tightly packed molecules);
400
What is citric acid found in? What is lactic acid found in? What is a group of substituted hydrocarbons formed when an amino group replaces a hydrogen atom?
oranges, grapefruit; sour milk; amines;
400
What amount of carbon does the earth contain?
less than 1%
500
What is sugar? What are formed when polymers of glucose monomers in which hundreds or even thousands of glucose molecules are joined together? Which organic compound contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?
sugar - carbohydrates containing 5-7 carbon atoms shaped like a RING; starches; carbohydrate;
500
A methyle group contains how many hydrogen molecules?
3
500
What can a buildup of plaque lead to? Why does this occur? Is it from an increase or decrease of pressure? Which disease, caused by a buildup of plaque, is a major health problem in the US?
clogged arteries; deposits of cholesterol build up on walls - pressure increases; heart dissease;
500
What is What contains that formula NH3? T/F: amino acids are not essential for human life
ammonia; F;
500
Good luck on your test! Hope this jeopardy helped you!
HAVE A GREAT SPRING BREAK!!!
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