Variation: Genetics Style
Oh My, Sis
My O's is soggy
Male and Female baby maker making
A sexual and sexual lifestyle
100
The random distribution of homologous chromosomes during meiosis is called _____________________.
Independent Assortment
100
How many phases make up meiosis?
Eight
100
What is responsible for pulling chromosomes toward opposite poles?
Spindle fibers
100
What is the process by which sperm are produced in males?
Spermatogenesis
100
What is produced during asexual reproduction? How similar is the offspring to the parent?
Clone, genetically identical
200
________________ occurs when segments of one chromatid are exchanged with segments of another chromatid while homologous chromosomes overlap is
Chrossing over
200
Haploid cells are formed after what phase of meosis?
Telophase I
200
What separates during Anaphase II?
Centromeres divide and chromatids move to opposite poles.
200
What is the process by which gametes are produced in females?
Oogenesis
200
The life cycle of organisms that are multicellular haploid individuals that produce gamets through mitosis. The gametes fuse forming a diploid zygote that immediately undergoes meiosis forming haploid individuals. This is known as ____________________________.
the haploid life cycle
300
List three ways genetic variation is increased through sexual reproduction.
1. Independent assortment 2. Crossing Over 3. Random Fertilization
300
How many cells are produced from the process of meiosis?
4
300
List one major difference between prophase of mitosis and prophase I of meiosis.
Crossing Over
300
How man sperm are produced during one cycle of spermatogenisis?
4
300
An example of _________________________ would be one generation of sporophytes (2n) that form spores (n) through meiosis that grow up into a second generation of gametophytes (n). This second generation of gametophytes produce n gametes through mitosis. N gametes unite through fertilization forming a 2n zygote that eventually developes into a third generation 2n sporophyte.
Alternation of generations
400
What is one advantage and one disadvantage of increasing genetic variation?
Advantage: It diversifies a poplulation, and can make it more stable in a changing environment. Disadvantage: Usually, compared to making clones, it requires more energy, and is slower than asexual reproduction.
400
If a species diploid number is 102, how many chromosomes will be in each of the haploid gametes?
51
400
During which, meiosis I or meiosis II, does the cell become haploid?
If you're seeing this answer you got it right!
400
After meiosis I how many polar bodies are produced?
1
400
An example of ____________________ would be organisms that spend most of their time in the 2n state but produce n gamets through meiosis that unite during fertilization forming a 2n zygote that developes into the second generation of 2n organisms.
the diploid life cycle
500
Assume the diploid number of a species was 4, and that crossing over didn't occur, how many DIFFERENT gametes could an individual form? Hint: think about this one, draw it out.
Four
500
What separates during anaphase I?
Homologous Chromosomes
500
What is the major difference between metaphase of mitosis and metaphase I of meiosis?
During metaphase of mitosis ALL chromosomes line up along the equator (end to end). During metaphase I of meiosis homologous chromosomes line up along the equator (side by side).
500
Why is only one ovum produced during oogenesis? That is, why do the other three polar bodies get "short changed"?
If you see this you got the answer correct
500
List the three sexual life cycles we learned about, and give an example of an organism that lives that life cycle.
Haploid Life Cycle- Diploid Life Cycle- Alternation of Generations-
M
e
n
u