What is using two or more languages in everyday life.
100
Which factor states that the social distance diminishes when the relationship of power between groups is nearly equal?
What is Social Dominance.
100
Approximately, how many languages are there in the world?
What is 7,000.
100
In 2007 who identified 3 major misconceptions that ELL teachers commonly believe?
What is Cummins
100
In 2009, who challenged the way we look at bilingualism by identifying our misconstructions of it?
What is Garcia
200
When a child acquires two or more languages simultaneously, it is referred to as?
What is simultaneous childhood bilingualism.
200
what factor states that a larger learner is more likely to be more socially distant from the target culture?
What is Size.
200
What does the term language shift refer to?
What is when a speaker of a minoritized language slowly begins speaking the majority language, losing their native language along the way.
200
What is the first misconception, and reality that Cummins discusses?
What is that all teaching should be in the targeted language. In reality, judicious use of the first language promotes the learning of a second language.
200
What is the first misconstruction that Garcia identified?
What is that we consider all second language learners ELLs. This leads us to forget that there is way more to these students than just learning English, thus they should be referred to as emergent bilinguals.
300
What kind of questions have psycho-linguists investigated?
What is how does the learner develop the language? What role does previous knowledge play? What psychological characteristics contribute to successful second language acquisition?
300
what factor states that the amount of social distance depends on how different the learners culture is from the target culture?
What is Cultural Congruence.
300
What two languages are mostly to blame for the death of other languages?
What is English and mandarin Chinese.
300
What is the second misconception and reality that Cummins identifies?
What is Translation should not be allowed in the classroom. The reality is that ELL students often translate out of school, and teachers can use it as a tool in the classroom.
300
What is the second misconstruction that Garcia identified regarding bilingual education?
What is that bilingual education is linear. Garcia argues that is actually a dynamic mixing of multiple languages.
400
What questions do neurolinguists ask?
What is where are the 1st and 2nd language located in the brain? what ways are different characteristics of languages represented in the brain? is there a critical period to learn a second language?
400
What factor states that the amount of social distance will depend on how often the learner needs to communicate with the native culture?
What is Enclosure.
400
When a child loses their native language, they are also losing part of their?
What is native culture.
400
What is the third misconception and reality that Cummins discusses?
What is in duel-language programs, the languages should be learned separately. In reality, there are situations where it is beneficial to bring them together.
400
What is t he third misconstruction that Garcia identified while challenging our view of bilingual education?
What is the bilingual models of education all together. Instead, she believes that educators should focus more on building on their students bilingualism in ways that validate their bilingual growth.
500
what are the five hypotheses of Krashen's Monitor Model?
What is the acquisition learning hypothesis, The natural order hypothesis the monitor hypothesis, the input hypothesis, and the effective filter hypothesis.
500
What three factors determine the psychological distance?
What is Motivation, Attitude, and Culture Shock.
500
Bilingual duel-language education's goal is to?
What is help students build academic proficiency in their native language, and the majority language alike.
500
According to Cummins, it is essential to create monolingual instructions that accommodate bilingualism because?
What is facilitates bilingual students in their development of identity and and competence.
500
What is the final misconstruction that Garcia identifies in bilingual education?
What is the term duel-language. Bilingual programs should not be regarded as remedial programs for students struggling with English. Bilingualism is a goal, and should be viewed in that regards.