In the article 'Don't! The secret of self-control,' what was Mischel trying to prove?
Self-delaying gratification/self-control = success in later life.
100
Who does Descartes credit with as being the main source of deception?
Demons.
100
"Cogito ergo sum" translated into English is...
"I am thinking, therefore I exist."
"I think, therefore I am."
100
In 'Something the Lord Made,' what syndrome did Blalock and Thomas develop a treatment for?
Blue baby syndrome.
200
Fire is hot and it burns when one touches it is an example of what kind of knowledge?
A posteriori.
200
Which philosopher came up with the Is-Ought Problem?
David Hume.
200
A(n) ___________ holds that certain actions are right or wrong under any circumstance.
An absolutist.
200
A system of moral standards; study of good/bad & right/wrong.
Ethics.
200
Who is considered to the father of modern philosophy?
Rene Descartes.
300
Who does Descartes credit for he source of all our ideas?
God.
300
A robber holds 10 people as hostages and tells a cop that has has 2 options:
Stand back and watch all 10 die, or shoot 1 dead and the robber would free the rest. The cop decides to shoot 1 of the hostages to save the other 9. What is his 'ethical'ness?'
Utilitarian.
300
Despite the Joker breaking out of Arkham Asylum many times only to commit more crimes and murders, Batman refuses to kill him. What kind of '-ist' is Batman?
A deontologist or absolutist.
300
Doubt/questioning - to take upon a position of ambiguity.
Skepticism.
300
Define 'eudaimonia.'
Highest good for man/ultimate purpose of human activity.
Flourishing or enjoying a good (successful, fortunate) life.
400
2+2 = 4 is an example of what kind of knowledge?
A priori.
400
The four cardinal virtues are:
Courage, justice, temperance and intelligence.
400
A(n) ________-ist "maintains that the rightness or wrongness of actions can be assessed purely by reference to their effectiveness in bringing about certain desirable ends.
A consequentialist.
400
Affirming, promoting or characterized by belief in equity.
Egalitarian.
400
Classic utilitarianism, as determined by Bentham, is the view that actions should be judged as right or wrong to the extent that they increase or decrease what?
Human well-being or utility (human pleasure/happiness).
500
Courage, justice, temperance and intelligence are the 4 cardinal virtues. However, Plato believes that they are all the same- clumped under one virtue. What is it?
Knowledge.
500
What is the main difference between "The Experience Machine" and "Brain in a Vat?"
Experience Machine - we choose to be plugged in.
Brain in a Vat - we don't know that we're in a vat and being fed knowledge.
500
Bentham believed that, in life, there was no higher end than.....?
Pleasure.
500
Pursuit of, or devotion to, pleasure
Hedonistic.
500
Bentham's 'felicific calculus' is an algorithm that measures what?
The sum total of pleasure and pain produced by an act.