Igneous Rocks
Classifying Igneous Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Types of Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
100
What are igneous rocks?
molten rock below earths surface; they are formed from the crystallization of magma
100
What is the difference between Felsic and Mafic?
Felsic is light colored, has high silica contents, and contain quartz, the feldspars orthoclase, and plagioclase. As to where, Mafic is dark colored, has low silica contents, and is rich in iron and magnesium
100
What are sediments?
peices of soild material that have been deposited on Earth's surface by wind, water, ice, gravity, or chemical precipitation
100
What is a clastic sedimentary rock?
a rock that is formed from the abundant depositis od loose sediments found on Earth's surface
100
What is matamorphism?
the process when high temperature and pressure combine to alter the texture, mineralogy, or chemical composition of a rock without melting it
200
What are the two types of igneous rocks?
extrusive and intrusive
200
What are two unusual igneous rocks?
peridotite and dunite
200
What is lithification apart of?
burial
200
What are the three types of clastic sedimentary rocks?
Coarse-Grained Clastics, Medium-Grained Clastics, and Fine-Grainned Clastics
200
What are the types of metamorphism?
regional metamorphism, contact metmorphism, and hydrothermal metamorphism
300
What is the year Bowen's kreaction series began?
early 1900s
300
What are pegmatites?
veins of extremely larged-grained minerals
300
What is the bedding that is formed as inclined layers of sediment move forward across a horizontal surface?
cross-bedding
300
What are the three most common evaporite minerals and there chemical composition?
Calcite (CaCO3), Halite (NaCl), and Gypsum (CaCO4)
300
What is the process of a mineral change without the mineral melting?
fractional crystallization
400
What is layered intrusion?
the minerals form into distinct bands in the order of Bowen's reaction series
400
What is porphyritic texture?
the rocks texture made by large well-formed crystals surrounded by little, finger grained crystals of the same mineral
400
What is the best known feature of sedimentary rocks?
fossils
400
What are examples of nplaces to find Medium-Grained Clastics?
Streams, river channels, beaches and deserts
400
What is the affect on hydrothermal fluids invading the surrounding rocks?
it changes their mineralogy, textures, and chemistry
500
What is the temperature most rocks must be heated in the lab?
800C to 1200C
500
What is the type of crystal found in pegmatites?
garnet
500
What are the four main agents of erosion?
wind, moving water, gravity, and glaciers
500
What are the three rock types?
Clastic, Chemical, and Organic
500
What is the process of the rock cycle?
it starts with weathering and erosion, that makes sediment, which turns into sedimentary rocks, and over time becomes metamorphic rocks, then it produces magma, thast turns into igneous rocks, and then it starts all over
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