Part One
Part Two
Part Three
Part Four
Part Five
100
A person is found to have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. Is this person male or female?
Male
100
Which process is responsible for the conversion of DNA information into RNA?
transcription
100
The genetic code is made up of units consisting of how many nucleotides?
Three
100
During which phase do chromatids detach from one another and become visibly separate chromosomes?
Anaphase
100
The pairing of chromosomes and crossing over occur during this phase.
Prophase I
200
In the binding of nitrogenous bases, Adenine is paired with _____________ and Guanine is paired with ____________.
Adenine is paired with Thymine and (AT) and Guanine is paired with Cytosine (GC).
200
This gene is one that influences multiple traits. Mutations in such genes are associated with complex genetic disorders such as sickle-cell anemia, cystic fibrosis, and Marfan syndrome.
A pleiotropic gene
200
Meiosis and cytoplasmic division function in ____________.
Sexual reproduction
200
True or false: An autosomal recessive disorder will appear only in children of parents who both carry the gene.
True
200
If black hair (B) is dominant to brown hair (b), animals LL and Ll have the same ________________.
Phenotypes
300
A human X-linked gene is found where?
On the X chromosome.
300
When two alleles of the same gene are identical, the individual carrying those alleles is said to be ___________.
homozygous
300
The probability of a crossover occurring between two genes on the same chromosome is increased if they are (a) far apart or (b) close together?
(a) far apart
300
The number of chromosomes vary from species to species. A chromosome consists of DNA associated with histone proteins. Human body cells have two copies of each type of chromosomes. These statements are true for which type of chromosomes: prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Eukaryotic
300
This process produces two molecules, each of which is half-new and half-old DNA joined lengthwise together:________.
DNA Replication
400
DNA molecules contain sequences called_______________.
genes
400
This is a process by which an RNA is assembled from nucleotides using the base sequence of a gene as a template.
Transcription
400
This is the process by which a polypeptide chain is assembled from amino acids in the order specified by an mRNA (messanger RNA).
Translation
400
A permanent change in the nucleotide base sequence of DNA is called a _______________.
Mutation
400
Most codons specify a(n)____________.
amino acid
500
In multicellular organisms, specialization in structure and function of cells is caused by_______________________.
a differential expression of genes
500
Cell growth and the making of proteins that drive mitosis happen during which of the three phases of the cell cycle?
The gap phases. (There are two gap phases. G1 is the first interval - or gap - of cell growth before DNA replication. After GI comes S, the time of synthesis, or DNA replication. After S, there is G2, the second interval - or gap - when the cell prepares to divide).
500
In mitosis, the chromosome number (a) stays the same or (b) is divided in half.
(a) stays the same. (Mitosis maintains the same chromosome number.)
500
What is the name of the process by which cells with identical genotypes become structurally and functionally distinct from one another?
differentiation
500
Which process results in four haploid cells?
Meiosis. (Through meiosis, parental DNA is divided and distributed to forming gametes; the diploid chromosome number is reduced to haploid; and offspring are provided with new gene combinations.)
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