This is the French term for philosophers; specifically, a group of Enlightenment thinkers in France that applied the methods to science to understand and improve society.
What are the philosophes.
100
During this era, people were empowered with human thought and the exchange of ideas.
What is The Enlightenment.
100
In 1789 (pre-revolution), France was divided into three social classes. What were these called?
What are estates.
100
Robespierre ruled over this; it lasted from September 1793 to July 1794, and over 17,000 people were executed.
What is the Reign of Terror.
100
Before the revolution, Napoleon was a rising member of this.
What is the army.
200
Denis Diderot wrote the first one of these in response to censorship from the French government.
What is encyclopedia.
200
Thomas Hobbes believed that people should enter into this; it is an agreement by which people give up their freedom for an organized society.
What is a social contract.
200
The Third Estate (middle class and peasants) paid higher taxes than the First and Second Estates. True or false?
What is true.
200
King Louis XVI was executed by this instrument.
What is the guillotine.
200
This law embodied Enlightenment principles like equality; but undid rights of women.
What is the Napoleonic Code.
300
Baron de Montesquieu felt that the best way to protect liberty was to divide the various functions and powers of government among three branches. What was this system called?
What is separation of powers/checks and balances
300
John Locke stated that people have these type of rights. They belong to all humans from birth and include the rights to life, liberty and property.
What are natural rights.
300
The First Estate was made up of this group of men.
What is the clergy.
300
According to rumor, this woman apparently yelled "let them eat cake" to her starving subjects.
Who is Marie Antoinette.
300
Although the people theoretically had a say in government through their votes, Napoleon still had absolute power. What is this system of government called?
What is democratic despotism.
400
Jean-Jacques Rousseau put his faith in this - it is another term for the best conscience of the people.
What is general will.
400
As the Second Estate, this group was allowed to hold top jobs in government, the army, the courts and the Church.
What is the nobility.
400
Before their arrests, King Louis XVI and his family resided in this luxurious palace.
What is Versailles.
400
This is the French term for popular vote by ballot.
What is a plebescite.
500
This man was imprisoned and forced into exile by the French government; he battled against the slave trade and religious prejudice.
Who is Voltaire.
500
In this essay, John Locke stated that a government has an obligation to the people it governs; its ideas inspired revolutions in America, Europe, and Latin America
What is Two Treatises of Government
500
This event happened on July 14, 1789; it signalled the start of the French Revolution.
What is the storming of the Bastille.
500
As a result of this, a new Legislative Assembly had the power to make laws, collect taxes, and decide on issues of war and peace in France.
What is the Constitution of 1791.
500
Napoleon was defeated by the British at this battle.