Manipulating DNA
Copying DNA
DNA Fingerprinting
Genetic Engineering
Genomics, Gene Therapy, etc
(9.5 & 9.6)
100
These enzymes cut DNA molecules at specific nucleotide sequences.
What are restriction enzymes?
100
This technique can make millions of copies of a specific DNA sequence in a matter of hours.
What is PCR?
100
DNA fingerprinting looks at these regions of DNA, which are outside of genes and contain short repeating sequences.
What are non-coding regions of DNA?
100
This is a genetically identical copy of a gene or organism.
What is a clone?
100
This is the study of genomes, which can include the sequencing of all of an organism's DNA.
What is genomics?
200
In this process, an electric current is used to separate a mixture of DNA fragments from each other according to length.
What is gel electrophoresis?
200
This is what PCR stands for.
What is polymerase chain reaction?
200
A DNA fingerprint is a specific type of this.
What is a restriction map?
200
This is small circular piece (a loop) of DNA found in bacteria. These are very useful in genetic engineering.
What is a plasmid?
200
This is used to replace defective or missing genes, or add new genes, to treat a disease.
What is gene therapy?
300
This shows the lengths of DNA fragments between restriction sites.
What is a restriction map?
300
These are the materials used in PCR.
What are a DNA sample, DNA polymerase, nucleotides, and two primers?
300
This is one of the uses of DNA fingerprinting.
What are criminal investigations, paternity tests, immigration requests, or studying biodiversity.
300
This is DNA that contains genes from more than one organism.
What is recombinant DNA?
300
This is the process of is determining the order of DNA nucleotides in genes or in genomes.
What is gene sequencing?
400
This is the short sequence of DNA that restriction enzymes recognize and cut.
What is a restriction site?
400
These are the three main steps in PCR.
What are separating, binding, and copying?
400
This is how a DNA fingerprint is made.
What is cutting DNA into fragments using restriction enzymes, then running it through gel electrophoresis?
400
This is an organism that has genes from one or more different organisms inserted into its genome.
What is a transgenic organism?
400
This is the process of testing DNA to determine a person's risk of having or passing on a genetic disorder.
What is genetic screening?
500
This is a technique which uses an electric current to separate fragments of DNA according to length.
What is gel electrophoresis?
500
The number copies of DNA is multiplied by this number after each cycle in PCR.
What is 2? (The number of copies is doubled each cycle)
500
Using more sections of DNA in making a DNA fingerprint decreases the chance of this.
What is a false match?
500
This is term for disabling a gene in order to study its function (hint: remember the fat mouse).
What is a gene knockout?
500
This group successfully sequenced the entire genomes of a few people in 2003.
What is the Human Genome Project?
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