Volcanoes
Earthquakes
Inside the Earth
Rock Types
Rock Cycle
100
A mountain that blew its top in Washington State.
What is Mt. St. Helens
100
This city burned down in 1906 due to fires from gas lines breaking from a strong earthquake.
What is San Francisco?
100
It is 3 to 43 miles thick and made of rock. It's where we live.
What is the crust?
100
This type is formed in layers, usually near by or under water. Most fossils are found in these rock layers. Some names of rocks in this type are sandstone, shale, and limestone.
What is sedimentary?
100
Extrusive igneous rocks can be broken down from weathering and become sedimentary rock; sedimentary rock can be forced underground and heated in magma to become igneous rock; or from pressure can become metamorphic rock; metamorphic rock can melt and become igneous rock---this process is much like the water cycle but takes much more time.
What is the rock cycle?
200
Cinder cones, Shield, Composites.
What are the three types of volcanoes.
200
This instrument records earthquakes.
What is a seismograph?
200
It's 750 miles thick and made of solid iron and nickel.
What is the inner core?
200
When limestone is squeezed it changes into marble, a much stronger stone. When flaky shale undergoes heat and pressure it becomes the a durable stone called slate which is a material used in chalkboards.
What is metamorphic rock?
200
Nature's bulldozers form from huge piles of snow. They gouge out wide, u-shaped valleys.
What is a glacier?
300
We can see this cinder cone from our school playground. It erupted in 1066 AD.
What is Sunset Crater?
300
This focal point may be tens of miles underground but it is where the earthquake begins.
What is the hypocenter?
300
1400 miles thick, made of liquid iron, nickel, and oxygen. It surrounds the inner core.
What is the outer core?
300
It's been here since the Earth was formed. Molten lava that cooled and hardened. Most of the Earth's crust is made of this rock but it's buried under sediments, seawater, soil, and other rock.
What is igneous rock?
300
Ocean waves pound shorelines, forming sea caves and carrying away rock and soil. Rivers carve canyons and mesas, and wash away rock and dirt.
What is erosion?
400
This nearby mountain blew its top thousands of years ago.
What are the San Francisco Peaks?
400
This is the focal point at the surface where the earthquake is the strongest.
What is the epicenter?
400
It's made of partly solid and partly melted rock. It's 1800 miles thick.
What is the mantle?
400
A term that best describes the perimeter of the Pacific ocean which is dotted with active volcanoes and earthquakes.
What is the Ring of Fire?
400
In deserts, windblown sand wears away rock and forms shifting dunes.
What is weathering?
500
This mountain in Flagstaff is volcanic but it did not erupt. Instead, it oozed out through a crack in the Earth's crust.
What is Mt. Elden?
500
When an earthquake occurs offshore, disturbing the sea floor, the resulting waves spread outward at up to 500 miles an hour and rise to great heights when they reach shallow water.
What is a tsunami?
500
The earth's crust is broken into these and they are constantly on the move.
What is plate tectonics?
500
An igneous rock type that forms when magma hardens below the surface, cooling slowly, producing big crystals. Granite is an example of this process. AND an igneous rock type that forms when magma breaks through the crust, cooling quickly, forming tiny crystals. Basalt is an example of this process.
What is intrusive and extrusive?
500
These mountains were created when two plates push against each other causing folded mountains to form. The tallest mountain in the world is part of this mountain range.
What are the Himalayas? What is Mt. Everest?
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