The Concept that ideas and theories compete for acceptance among the public
What is "Marketplace of ideas"?
100
Without the organization and strength of interest groups, individual voices might drown in our complex society.
What is represent constituents (before the government)?
100
A political organization created to raise and spend money to influence electoral outcomes.
What are political action committees (PACs)?
100
A voter who is not registered or affiliated with any political party
What is an independent?
100
By doing this parties enable voters to narrow the pool of office seekers to party nominees and establish a platform of issues for their candidates
What is Organizing the election process?
200
This featured sensationalism, comic, and scandal in a fierce competition to sell papers
What is yellow journalism?
200
Volunteering time, taking part in a group, and contributing money
What are ways of political participation?
200
Appealing directly to lawmakers and legislative staff either in meetings by providing research and information or by testifying at committee hearings
What is Inside lobbying?
200
Voters who cast ballots for candidates of different parties in a given election year or for the candidates of different parties in different election years.
What are split-ticket voters (swing voters)?
200
Given that voters do not know everything or even very much about a candidate other than his or her party affiliation, parties help us cast an informed rational vote by doing this.
What is facilitating voter choice?
300
Targeting of specific audiences
What is narrowing?
300
Sponsoring research, serving as advocates, testifying, before congressional committees, conducting public relations campaigns, and engaging in similar activities- leads interest groups to do this.
What is to educate the public?
300
The fact that public goods can be enjoyed by everyone, including people who do not pay their fair share of the cost for providing those goods
What is the Free-rider problem?
300
Local party organizations that influenced elections and operated on the basis o f patronage and behind-the-scenes control.
What are Party Machines?
300
Parties help candidates put their best foot forward to voters.
What is aiding candidates?
400
The idea that nonprofessionals are involved in collecting reporting, commenting, and disseminating news stories.
What is Citizen journalism?
400
By running public relations campaigns they focus the attention of both the public and officials on issues that might otherwise be ignored
What is building agendas?
400
Nonprofit institutions that conduct research and often engage in advocacy on issues of public interest.
What are Think Tanks?
400
The first American political party, formed by believers in states' rights and followers of Thomas Jefferson
What is the Democratic-Republican party?
400
Not only do voters learn more about the candidates because of party activities, they also learn more about government policies and the workings of our system.
What is educating citizens and promoting involvement?
500
Harold Lasswell, a prominent political scientist who pioneered studying the effects of the media on American politics, identified these three important societal functions of the media.
What are surveillance, interpretation, and socialization?
500
They monitor government programs, examining their strengths and weaknesses and thereby assessing the effectiveness of programs that are important to their members.
What is serving as government watchdogs?
500
The idea that interest groups form when resources become scarce in order to contest the influence of other interest groups
What is Disturbance theory?
500
A process established in most states whereby voters in primary elections choose delegates who have pledged their support to a particular presidential candidate. The delegates then vote for this candidate at the nominating convention.
What are Binding Primaries?
500
Because our political system is so complex, it is difficult for voters to know who to give credit to when things go well, or who to blame when they go poorly. So interest groups do this.