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Vocabulary
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Page 523-525
100
What are the 3 forces that work together to move the tectonic plates?
Mantle Convection, Ridge Push, Slab Pull
100
What are the deepest places in the Ocean?
Trenches
100
What are Seismic Waves?
A large mechanical wave or vibration through Earth; 2 main types (BODY & SURFACE).
100
What are Hot Spots?
Hotspots are small regions of very hot mantle heated by a concentration of radioactive substance near Earth's Core. It creates Hot columns of rising mantle.
100
What are Earthquakes?
Vibrations through Earth's Crust caused by Volcanoes or the movement at tectonic plate boundaries.
200
What is Mantle Convection?
Convection Currents that occur in the Mantle because of uneven heat distribution within Earth.
200
Which convergent boundaries are ocean trenches formed at?
Oceanic-Continental Convergent boundaries AND Oceanic-Oceanic convergent boundaries
200
What is an Epicenter?
The spot at Earth's surface directly above an Earthquake's focus.
200
What is the difference in formations between a hotspot beneath a continent and a hotspot beneath the ocean?
Hotspots beneath a continent form a chain of ISLANDS while Hotspots beneath a continent form a chain of VOLCANOES.
200
How are Earthquake's categorized?
Earthquake's are categorized according to how far beneath Earth's surface the focus occurs.
300
What is Slab Pull?
The pull that results when the oceanic portion of a tectonic plate descends into the Mantle, pulling the rest of the Plate with it.
300
How are rift valleys formed?
Rift Valleys are formed by a divergent boundary crossing the lithosphere of a continent resulting in blocks of the crust to collapse as it stretches apart, forming rift valleys.
300
What are Body Waves?
A wave that travels through Earth/ a medium; 2 types (Primary and Secondary).
300
How is Magma formed?
Magma is formed deep underground where solid rock of the Asthenosphere experiences either a drop in pressure, change in composition, or increase in temperature.
300
An Earthquake was recorded to have a focus located 82 km beneath Earth's surface. What is this Earthquake categorized as?
An Intermediate-focus Earthquake.
400
What is Ridge Push?
A push originating from the MID-OCEAN RIDGE that serves as a mechanism for MOTION of the tectonic plates. It is driven by CONVECTION CURRENTS in the Mantle
400
How are Marine organism fossils found in the Rocky Mountains?
Fossil bearing rock at the edge of an oceanic plate was pushed up by the North American Plate forming part of the Rocky Mountains.
400
What are Surface Waves?
Surface Waves are waves that travel along the OUTSIDE of Earth. It is created when a body wave reaches the surface.
400
What is a volcano?
The place where magma and gases reach the Earth's surface through a crack in the lithosphere.
400
What's the difference between Primary Waves and Secondary Waves?
Primary waves are a COMPRESSION type of body wave while Secondary Waves are a SHEER type of body wave.
500
What happens to the overriding continental plate in an OCEANIC-CONTINENTAL CONVERGING BOUNDARY, and what results?
The leading edge of the overriding continental plate is COMPRESSED and result in Folding, Faulting, and Uplift of Mountains along the coast.
500
How do Mountains form at Continental-Continental boundaries?
The Sedimentary rock between 2 converging continental plates are squeezed, lifted, and folded into mountains.
500
What are Deep-Focus Earthquakes?
Deep-Focus Earthquakes are earthquakes with a focus located at a relatively deep point beneath Earth's surface (300 km- 700 km; Mantle)
500
What is the difference between a volcanic belt and a volcanic island arc?
A Volcanic Belt is a chain of INLAND VOLCANOES created on an overriding CONTINENTAL PLATE parallel to a CONVERGENT BOUNDARY. A Volcanic Island Arc is a line of VOLCANIC ISLANDS created on an overriding OCEANIC PLATE parallel to a OCEANIC-OCEANIC boundary.
500
What is a fault?
A Fault is a displacement of the Lithosphere (vertically, horizontally, or both) created by the movement of tectonic plates.
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