Neuron Anatomy
Action Potentials
Neurotransmitters
Brain Anatomy
Conditioning
100
Receptors for neurotransmitters are located on the ______________.
What are the dendrites?
100
The resting potential of an average neuron is ______ millivolts.
What is -70 mV?
100
Neurotransmitters are released from these containers located in the axon terminal.
What are the vesicles?
100
The brainstem is in charge of activities such as __________.
(Several answers: breathing, blinking, heartbeat, sneezing, vomiting)
100
"When I come home reeking of cigarette smoke, my wife refuses to kiss me."
What is negative punishment?
200
The space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron is called the ___________.
What is the synapse?
200
The chain reaction of the action potential always travels from the dendrites toward the __________.
What is the axon (axon terminal)?
200
Receiving this neurotransmitter invariably makes it harder a neuron to fire.
What is GABA?
200
The part of the brain responsible for higher-level thinking and judgement is the ____________.
What is the frontal lobe?
200
Every time the opposing team scores, the coach makes us do push-ups.
What is positive punishment?
300
The neuron has pumps to remove this ion after the action potential has finished.
What is sodium?
300
Depolarization means that the electrical difference across the membrane is getting closer to this number.
What is 0 mV?
300
Receiving this neurotransmitter always causes positive sodium to enter the cell.
What is glutamate?
300
The cerebellum is responsible for _____________.
What is physical balance and motor memory?
300
"I used to burst into tears every time I heard the song they played at my grandma's funeral, but now I no longer get teary."
What is extinction?
400
The voltage difference across the cell membrane is due to an excess of _________ ions on the outside of the cell and __________ ions inside.
What is sodium/positive and chlorine/negative?
400
When a neuron reaches a voltage difference of _________ mV, an action potential is inevitable.
What is -50 mV?
400
This neurotransmitter is the only one that lowers the activity of the neuron that produced it.
What is adenosine?
400
The __________ is the only part of the brain that connects the two hemispheres.
What is the corpus callosum?
400
"You were late to class, so I'm giving you three demerits."
What is positive punishment?
500
The white matter of the brain consists mainly of neurons' _________.
What are the axons?
500
Adding additional chlorine to the inside of the neuron will result in _____________ of the membrane.
What is hyperpolarization?
500
These neurotransmitters are part of the brain's pain relieving system.
What are endorphins?
500
The _______________ is the part of the brain responsible for routing information to other areas of the brain.
What is the thalamus?
500
"The mailman comes to the door, my dog barks and the mailman goes away. Now my dog barks every time the mailman comes (and the mailman goes away every time)."
What is negative reinforcement?
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