Importance, Diversity, & Conservation
How many orders of insects are there?
28
The insect body is composed of what 3 main body parts?
1, Head
2, Thorax
3, Abdomen
What are agonistic and antagonistic muscles used for and how?
Leg movement. The muscles are attached to the cuticle and can contract and relax at will.
The orthopteran ability to hear bat ultrasounds is an example of what?
An exaptation
Pheromones that many social insects produce to warn each other of threats is called?
Alarm pheromones
What order of insect is typically used as a flagship species?
Lepidoptera
When anatomy structures of different taxa are similar due to sharing a common ancestry is it called being this?
Homologous
Insects that eat solid food typically have what form of gut morphology?
A wide, straight, short gut with strong musculature and protection from abrasion.
What two body parts produce stridulation when rubbed against each other?
Scraper and file
Which two sensory structures detect atmospheric CO2?
1, Antennae
2, Mouthparts
A species that has a disproportionately low impact on its ecosystem relative to its abundance is called what?
Keystone species
What body part gives a strong exoskeleton for the body and is critical for water retention and a barrier between living tissues and the environment?
The Cuticle
What three pairs of fused ganglia make up the insect brain?
1, Protocerebrum
2, Deutocerebrum
3, Tritocerebrum
Cuticular projections such as hairs, bristles, setae or macrotrichia are called what when there is many?
Microtrichia
What gland produces pheromones?
Exocrine glands from the epidermal cells and its spreads all over the body/cuticle
What are three major threats to insect biodiversity?
1, Habitat loss/fragmentation
2, Climate change
3, Invasive species
Which two forms do ovipositors take?
1, A true form with 8-9 abdominal segments
2, Substitutional ovipositor with extensible abdominal segments
Unlike vertebrate blood, Insect hemolymph rarely has respiratory pigments and hence no role in what process?
Gas exchange
The thin, cuticular membrane known as tympanum is used for hearing distant sounds, what are the two types?
1, Detection of substrate signals
2, Perceiveing large translational movements of the surrounding medium (air/water) that happen very close to a sound (AKA Near-field sound)
Which chemical benefits the receiver but disadvantage the producer?
Kairomones
What are the five orders of insects that have the highest species richness?
Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, and Hemiptera
What are the three bilaterally symmetrical body terms?
1, longitudinal, head to tail
2, Dorsoventral, dorsal to ventral
3, Transverse, lateral to the opposite lateral
What are prothoracic glands and what are they responsible for?
They secrete ecdysone, which elicits the molting process of the epidermis.
What are ommatidia and what insects have them?
The individual unit found within compound eyes. Each ommatidium resembles a simple stemma (directs and focuses light onto retinula cells)
Nearly all adults and nymphs have ommatidia in which clusters form compound eyes.
What are the five semiochemicals?
1, Kairomones
2, Allomones
3, Synomones
4, Pheromones
5, Allelochemicals