Intro to ES Part I
The interdisciplinary study of how humans interact with their environment
Environmental Science
The participation of non-scientists in the collection and analysis of research data within their own communities, assisting research scientists
Citizen science
A procedure designed to test a hypothesis under controlled conditions
Experiment
Solid part of the Earth that consists of all rock and soils on Earth's surface
Geosphere
Phases of the water cycle
Evaporation, condensation, precipitation
The 5 major fields of study that contribute to environmental science
Biology, Earth science, physics, chemistry, social sciences
The shift from energy sources such as animal muscle and moving water to fossil fuels, such as coal and oil
Industrial Revolution
Information that scientists gather during an experiment
The process in which gases trap heat near the surface of the Earth, which makes it warm enough for life to exist
Greenhouse Effect
Percent of the Earth's surface covered with water
70%
Hunter-gatherers
Name 3 benefits of the Industrial Revolution
Less expensive production of goods, machinery reduced the amount of land and human labor needed for farming, urban populations steadily grew, transportation became more efficient
A verbal or graphical explanation of how a system works or is organized
Conceptual model
Troposphere, stratosphere (includes the ozone layer), mesosphere, thermosphere
The concentration of all dissolved salts in the ocean's water
Name 3 examples of extinct megafauna
Giant sloths, giant bison, mastodons, cave bears, saber-toothed tigers
The 3 categories of major environmental problems
Associations between two or more events
Correlations
Most abundant gas in the atmosphere
Nitrogen (78%)
The 3 temperature zones of the ocean
Surface zone, thermocline, deep zone
The shift from hunter-gatherer lifestyles to the practice of growing, breeding, and caring for plants and animals that are used for food, clothing, housing, transportation, and other purposes
Agricultural Revolution
Writings from environmental activist and biologist Rachel Carson, drawing the public's attention to the dangerous impact of pesticides on wildlife
Silent Spring
One or more equations that represents the way a system or process works
Mathematical model
Describe the difference between compositional layers and physical layers of the Earth
Compositional layers are identified by looking at chemical composition and density of materials at each layer. Ex., crust, mantle, core
Physical layers are identified by their physical properties like rigidity, state of matter, temperature. Ex., lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core
The largest and most complex level of biological organization in which the existence of life and all its necessary processes are possible. Includes the uppermost part of the geosphere, most of the hydrosphere, and lower part of the atmosphere
Biosphere