Fossil Evidence
A record that is made up of all the fossils ever discovered on Earth.
Fossil Record
A person who studies plants and animals by observing them.
Naturalist
The study of similarities and differences among structures of living species.
Comparative anatomy
An adaptation that enables a species to blend with its environment.
Camouflage
Where did Darwin do most of his studies for his theory of evolution?
Galapagos islands
This occurs when the last individual organism of a species dies.
Extinction
A slight difference in an inherited trait of individual member of a species.
Variation
Body parts that have lost their original function through evolution.
vestigial structures
The preserved evidence of the activity of an organism.
Trace fossil
Name an example of a vestigial structure.
wings on a cormorant, tail bones in humans, pelvic bones in whales
The change over time in populations of related organisms.
Biological evolution
An inherited trait that increases an organism’s chance of surviving and reproducing in its environment.
adaptation
The science of the development of embryos from fertilization to birth.
Embryology
What is selective breeding? Give an example.
The breeding of organisms for desired characteristics. Himalayan cats
What is mimicry and give an example.
It is the resemblance of one species to another species. Example is a viceroy and monarch butterfly
What is molecular biology?
The study of gene structure and function.
What are the three types of adaptations?
Structural, behavioral, and functional
Explain the difference between camouflage and mimicry
Blend into environment.
Describe natural selection and give a specific example.
The process by which populations of organisms with variations that help them survive in their environments live longer, compete better, and reproduce more than those that do not have the variations. Example- long tortoise neck
What is the difference between homologous and analogous structures? Give an example of each.
Homologous- same structures but different functions. Ex whale fin and human arm
Analogous- different structures but same function. Ex butterfly wing and bird wing
Give an example of a Functional adaptation.
example of functional adaptation
Describe the difference between natural and artificial selection.
Natural selection is due to variations in genes that can be passed on and become an adaptation. Artificial selection is carried through by humans where certain traits are chosen or genes are manipulated.