Bugs, Bites, and Bioterror
This virus, transmitted primarily by the Aedes mosquito, gained global attention in 2015 for its rapid spread through the Americas and its link to the severe birth defect microcephaly.
What is the Zika virus.
The abbreviation GRAS stands for this phrase, used to classify chemical additives deemed safe for use in food.
What is "Generally Recognized As Safe"?
These are the two main sources of drinking water.
What are surface water and groundwater?
The United Nations established this number of Sustainable Development Goals to achieve a sustainable future for all.
What is 17?
In the United States, unintentional injuries are the leading source of morbidity and mortality in this population group.
Who are men?
Direct contact with this virus in infected bodily fluids was the primary mode of transmission during the 2014-2016 West Africa outbreak, the largest and most complex in history.
What is the Ebola virus?
This is the most favored method for waste management, emphasizing the prevention of waste creation at its origin.
What is source reduction?
A country is said to face this condition when its annual supply of renewable freshwater is between 1,000 and 1,700 cubic meters per person.
What is water stress?
The use of pesticides in agriculture can negatively impact global health because resistance in these organisms can make them more difficult to control, leading to increased crop damage and potential food insecurity.
What are insects?
This has become the most frequently diagnosed occupational respiratory disease in occupational medicine clinics.
What is asthma?
The transmission of this disease to humans is associated with infected black-legged ticks that ingest blood by puncturing the skin of the host.
What is Lyme disease?
Since 1991, these entities have assumed the primary role of regulating medical wastes by applying guidance acquired from the Medical Waste Tracking Act.
Who are state regulators?
In the United States, disinfection of drinking water with chlorine or other methods is done to remove these.
What are pathogenic microorganisms?
This field, distinct from International Health, considers the health of entire populations across the world rather than focusing solely on health partnerships between nations.
What is Global Health?
This individual, known as the "Father of Occupational Medicine," made significant contributions to understanding the relationship between work conditions and health.
Who is Bernardino Ramazzini?
This historical event, involving plague victims being catapulted over city walls, is one of the first documented cases of bioterrorism.
What is the siege of Caffa?
Antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella has been linked to the administration of this to animals consumed for food.
What are antibiotics?
This term describes a mixture of pollutants, principally ground-level ozone, produced by chemical reactions between sunlight and emissions from industrial facilities and vehicles
What is smog?
Deforestation can lead to outbreaks of infectious diseases because it disrupts these, forcing animals closer to humans and creating new opportunities for zoonotic disease transmission.
What are animal habitats?
Many child workers who labored in vapor-filled, poorly-ventilated rooms during the 19th century developed this debilitating condition, caused by exposure to white phosphorus.
What is phossy jaw?
During this stage, the malaria parasite develops into sporozoites within the mosquito before being transferred to the human host.
What is the sporogenic cycle?
This clause, part of the Food Additives Amendment of 1958, states that carcinogenic chemicals are not permitted in food in any amounts.
What is the Delaney Clause?
This toxic gas has more than 200 times the affinity of oxygen for binding with hemoglobin in the blood, posing a severe health risk.
What is carbon monoxide?
The principle of "One Health" addresses global health challenges by recognizing the critical interdependence between these three domains.
What are human, animal, and environmental health?
This is the NIOSH-recommended exposure limit (REL) for noise exposure in the workplace during an 8-hour shift.
What is 85 dBA?