Environmental Change
What is human-induced environmental change?
Environmental change caused by human activities.
Name the Four S functions.
Source, Sink, Service and Spiritual.
What is environmental management?
Actions and decisions used to protect, sustainably use, monitor or restore environments.
What is the main human-induced environmental change affecting the Amazon?
Deforestation.
What major type of environmental change has occurred around Casula?
Urban development/urbanisation.
What is stormwater?
Rainwater that flows over the ground.
Name two examples of human induced changes.
Deforestation, urbanisation, mining, pollution, agricultural expansion, coastal modification.
Which function provides resources such as food, timber and water?
Source.
What type of management involves repairing an environment after it has been damaged?
Restoration or rehabilitation.
Name two causes of Amazon deforestation.
Cattle ranching, agriculture, logging, mining, roads or settlement.
What major river runs through the local case-study area?
Georges River.
Why can stormwater be a problem for the Georges River?
It can carry rubbish, sediment, oil, chemicals and other pollutants from roads, buildings and gardens into the river.
What is urbanisation?
The growth and expansion of urban areas.
A wetland filters pollutants from water. Which function is this?
Sink.
Name THREE environmental-management approaches.
prevention, protection, regulation, conservation, sustainable use, restoration, rehabilitation, monitoring, education or technological management.
What pattern of clearing can often be seen along roads in satellite imagery?
Fishbone pattern.
What happened to agricultural land and natural bushland as Casula developed?
Much of it was replaced or fragmented by housing, roads and other urban development.
How does urban development affect the water cycle?
Impermeable surfaces increase runoff and reduce infiltration. The booklet contrasts natural land cover with urban land, where runoff is much higher and infiltration much lower
Explain one way urbanisation can affect biodiversity.
Vegetation and habitat may be removed or fragmented, reducing the number and variety of species.
Give one example of the service function.
Pollination, flood control, erosion control, climate regulation or nutrient cycling.
Why is environmental monitoring important?
It allows people to identify environmental change and determine whether management strategies are working.
Explain two environmental consequences of deforestation.
Habitat loss, biodiversity decline, erosion, changed water cycle or increased carbon emissions.
Which geographical term when describing the location of features in an image? *hint: Dividing the image up
Quadrant — NW, NE, SW or SE.
Name two environmental impacts of urban development on the Georges River.
Explain how one human activity can create several connected environmental changes.
For example, land clearing causes vegetation loss, habitat loss, erosion, increased runoff and biodiversity decline.
A river provides drinking water, absorbs some waste, provides habitat and has cultural significance. Identify the Four S functions.
Source, Sink, Service and Spiritual.
Why would a polluted river normally require several different management strategies?
Pollution may have several causes, so strategies such as regulation, sewage treatment, restoration, monitoring and education need to work together.
Give two strategies that could help manage Amazon deforestation.
Protected areas, Indigenous-led management, satellite monitoring, enforcing clearing laws, sustainable agriculture, agroforestry or restoration.
Explain one positive and one negative consequence of urban development.
Positive — employment, transport, recreation, services or economic growth.
Negative — pollution, traffic, habitat loss, deforestation or biodiversity decline.
Name three strategies being used to manage the Georges River and explain one.