A localized ischemic injury classified as superficial or deep is commonly known as this term
What is frostbite
100
This term is defined as the release of stored heat and energy from the body
What is thermolysis
100
Name the four (4) modes of diving
What are:
scuba diving
breath-hold diving
surface-tended diving
saturation diving
100
Most common altitude illness
What is Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS)
100
Most frequent cause of mortality from all bites and envenomations
What is anaphylactic reaction
200
When temperatures are low enough, the water in cells turn to ice crystals, causing these 2 things:
What are 1) cellular shrinkage and hyperosmolar state
200
The transfer of heat via electromagnetic waves is
What is radiation
200
Define Boyle's law
At a constant temperature, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure
200
First response to hypobaric hypoxia is
What is hyperventilation
200
The protein in the venom that causes immediate pain from a sting
What is melittin
300
Itchy reddish or purple lesions on the face or extremities
What is chilblains
300
Transfer of energy that takes place when moving air or liquids disturb molecules next to an object
What is convection
300
At high enough partial pressure this becomes an anesthetic
What is nitrogen
300
This results from marked vasospasm of the pulmonary arteries
What is HAPE
300
Stings from these hymenopteras are likely to cause infection
What are fire ants
400
The body regulates cold stress by: (3 things)
What are increasing thermogenesis, decreasing thermolysis and pursuing adaptive behavioral changes
400
What are the 2 classical forms of heat exhaustion?
What are water depleted and sodium depleted
400
This condition results from pressure imbalance between gas-filled spaces in the body and the external atmosphere
What is barotrauma
400
The carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used for those most likely to be susceptible to altitude illness
What is acetazolamide
400
Name the 3 common coral snakes found in North America
What are Eastern coral snake, Texas coral snake and the Sonoran coral snake
500
The most common cause of heat loss in urban settings that hinders the body's attempt to create insulation around the warm core is:
What is alcohol
500
This condition results from too much water in the body in relationship to total sodium
What is exercise-associated hyponatremia
500
In this dive emergency air bubbles from ruptured alveoli enter pulmonary capillaries and coalesce into larger bubbles as they travel through the pulmonary veins back to the left side of the heart.
What is Arterial Gas Embolism (AGE)
500
The 2 phosphodiesterase inhibitors used in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension and HAPE
What are sildenafil and tadalafil
500
The venom from these snakes contain both hemolytic and proteolytic enzymes that cause tissue damage and systemic effects