fill-in the gap
talking about problems
talking about solutions
what's the pronunciation?
Explain
300
______ is the process of reusing objects and material.
Recycling
300
What is the main cause of global warming?
The increase in greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide) in the atmosphere.
300
What does the term "sustainable fishing" mean? How do we ensure sustainable fishing?
= ensures that enough fish is left to reproduce and there are still enough fish species left to fish in the future, leaves enough fish in the oceans and minimises impacts on habitats and ecosystems.
respect the reproduction processs until the fish reaches adulthood
300
Extinction
talk about it
key words: endangered species, coral reefs, rainforests, loss of biodiversity, global warming, climate change, hunting, poaching....
ɪkˈstɪŋk.ʃən
300
Water - talk about it
key words: hydrosphere, definition, states, importance, storage of water, water consumption, water shortage - causes
a substance composed of the chemical elements hydrogen and oxygen
essential to living organisms - cells contain of 75% of water, ess. for chemical processes in cells; solvent for minerals and gasses; habitats for many plants and animals; regulates the climate with the help of the water cycle, acid rain
WS causes: population growth, water pollution - industrial pollutants, sewage, fertilizers, run-off, surface run-off, radioactive waste, oil spills, plastic
existing in gaseous, liquid, and solid states.
400
Solar energy, wind power, hydroelectric energy and geothermal power are the main sources of _______
renewable energy
400
What is the greenhouse effect?
It is when heat gets trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere by greenhouse gases.
400
When do we speak about food insecurity? What can food insecurity lead to?
when people lack regular access to enough safe and nutritious food for normal growth and development and an active and healthy life.
long-term lack food can cause famine and can lead to malnutrition, diabetes, underweight, miscarriages, premature babies, inability to conceive...
400
Climate
talk about it in a wider context
key words: definition, temperatures are increasing, due to/ as a result, causes, consequences, greenhouse effect....
ˈklaɪ.mət
400
Describe the water cycle
500
_____ is the cutting down of trees in a large area, or the destruction of forests by people
deforestation
500
How do rainforests help to control global warming?
Describe the process.
key words: photosynthesis, transpiration, evaporation, CO2, O2, carbon sinks...
They absorb carbon dioxide.
By storing carbon above and below the ground, the trees and plants in forests contribute to the production of oxygen as a byproduct of photosynthesis.
500
Most of the energy we used came from _____, ____ and ____ (fossil fuels). How can we change that?
Most of the energy we used came from coal, oil and gas (fossil fuels)
use of alternative resources, renewable resources e.g. solar power, wind power, tidal power, geothermal power.
500
population growth
talk about it in a wider context
key words: population, birth rate in western countries, and in Africa, the most populated country, family planning, child's labour, how to control population growth
ˌˌpɒp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən ɡrəʊθ
500
What is eutrophication? What causes it?
600
unclean water is a major _____ to human health
threat
600
What problems can fertilizer and pesticides cause and what impact do they have?
They cause soil pollution, which is a threat to food security.
600
Think of the causes of overfishing and provide possible solutions.
rising consumption (population growth, healthier eating habits)
illegal, unreported or unregulated fishing
climate change
solutions: fish farming / ocean conservations - bottom culture, off-bottom culture, pens, ponds, circulating tanks
sustainable practices - fishing methods + degradable fishing material,
600
soil
talk about it in a wider context
key words: definiton, layers, importance, content (air..), land degradation + examples, causes of land degradation, intensive farming, soil conservation
sɔɪl
600
Water pollution
talk about it in a wider context
causes
effects/ impact on
solutions
pollution makes the water undrinkable
natural processes + human activities
vulcanic eruptions, heavy rains
causes: deforestation, agriculture, excessive irrigation, industrial emissions, industrial waste, household waste, sewage, plastic, oil spills, radioactive waste; eutrophication
effects - health issues - affects the food (fish, crops)
solutions - reasonable irrigation, damps, water treatment plants, to reduce the use of fertilizers, washing detergents, build more water and sewage treatment plants
700
________ are gas, coal, and oil, that were formed underground from plant and animal remains millions of years ago
fossil fuels
700
What type of soil do rainforests grow on? Why is this a problem?
Poor quality soil, which means that it gets washed away by rain and may turn into desert.
The only fertile top layer is the result of the decay and decomposition of animal and plant dead bodies.
700
What is recycling?
What are R R R?? Talk in a wider context.
(What can we recycle, ...)
The processing of used objects and materials so that they can be used again
reuse, reduce, recycle
recycle: e.g. paper, plastic, metal, glass
reduce: greenhouse gases emissions, waste, pollution, food waste, plastics,
reuse: clothes, furniture,
700
Dioxide,
ecological issues
talk about it/them in a wider context
key words: human activities, natural processes, greenhouse effect, carbon cycle, air pollution, deforestation, carbon sinks, photosynthesis, health issues
daɪˈɒk.saɪd, ˌiː.kəˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl ˈɪʃ.uːz
700
Talk about overfishing.
key words: overfishing, reasons for O, consequences of O, famine, illegal fishing, loss of job, fish stock, bycatch, harmful fishing methods, loss of biodiversity...
too many fish are being caught, which is threatening the ecosystem - there are not enough adults to reproduce and sustain healthy population
fish is essential food supply to the millions of people as it is a source of protein
the level of overfishing has been increasing over the last decades, causes of loss of the ocean biodiversity
causes: rising consumption, climate change, illegal, unreported, unregulated fishing, fishing subsidises (dotace)
consequences: loss of jobs, loss of seaweed and fish, loss of biodiversity (bycatch), damage of coral reefs and the whole marine ecosystem
thrawling/dragging, gill netting, bottom dragging