Chapter 1
The surroundings or habitat in which an organism lives
What is an environment?
The balance between the build-up of and loss of glacial surface
What is surface mass balance?
The number of infant deaths for every 1000 live births, of children under the age of one
What is infant mortality rate?
The process by which the structure of a biological community changes over time
What is ecological succession?
When all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life
What is food security?
The zone of the atmosphere above the troposphere where the ozone layer is located
What is the stratosphere?
Choosing a sample based on regular intervals rather than random selection
What is systematic sampling?
What is youth dependency ratio?
The rate at which producers convert solar energy into biomass
What is gross primary productivity?
Nutrient deficient soils due to crops being continuously grown on them
What is overcropping?
The number of a species which a region can support without environmental degradation
What is carrying capacity?
Organisms that do not move, such as plants or rocky shore species like the barnacle
What is sedentary?
What is an ageing population?
The rate at which producers convert solar energy into biomass minus the loss of energy through respiration
What is net primary productivity?
Lack of adequate nutrition, caused by not having a balanced diet or enough to eat
What is malnutrition?
The total amount of money earned by a nation's people and businesses. Used to measure a nation's wealth
What is gross national income (GNI)?
Extremely large sets of numerical information collected using technology and analysed using computers
What is big data?
A population strategy designed to encourage people from having children to increase birth rates
What is pronatalist policy?
What is rewilding?
Foods derived from organisms n which DNA has been changed by humans
What are genetically modified (GM) crops?
The number of different living organisms found within an ecosystem or region
What is biodiversity?
Data that is collected by somebody else in a separate investigation (e.g., climate data from the local airport)
A population strategy designed to discourage people from having children and to decrease birth rates
What is antinatalist policy?
The action of clearing forested areas; the cutting down of trees
The supply of water to land or crops to help plants grow
What is irrigation?