Lesson 3.1
The basic units of matter
Atoms
What are the two types of feedback loops?
Positive and Negative
The earths _______ is a thin layer of relatively cool rock that forms earths outer skin both on dry land and in the ocean.
Crust
Matter can neither be created or _______
destroyed
In the water cycle what is the vocabulary word talking about when it rains or snows
Precipitation
Central core of an atom is considered to be the:
A.) Nucleus
B.) Proton
C.) Electron
D.) None of these
A.) Nucleus
What is an example of a negative feedback loop?
Predator-prey relationship/ thermostat
What are the three types of plate boundaries?
Divergent, Transform and convergent
What is hypoxia?
What water property explains why water sticks to itself?
A.) Cohesion
B.) Resistance to temperature change
C.) Ice density
D.) Universal solvent
A. Cohesion
Macromolecules include the following:
A.) Protons, Neutrons, Electrons
B.) Nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids and proteins
C.)Molecules, Compounds and solutions
B. Nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids and proteins
What is an example of a positive feedback loop?
Erosion of soil
How are landforms created?
Colliding or separating tectonic plates creating hills, mountains or valleys.
In this process, producers make their own food by using the suns energy in what process?
Photosynthesis
How can you explain cellular respiration?
1. The process by which organisms use oxygen to release the chemical energy of sugars and release CO2
2. The opposite of photosynthesis
A compound is a combination of two or more atoms of the same type or different types joined by covalent bonds. True or False?
False, a compound is a substance composed of atoms of two or more different elements.
A MOLECULE is a combination of two or more atoms of the same type or different types joined by covalent bonds.
What is the difference between the two feedback loops?
Think about stability. Negative feedback loops bring items to a stable place in their environment. Positive feedback loops usually push an environment towards an extreme or creating an unstable environment.
Define the following words: Evaporation, transpiration, precipitation and condensation
Evaporation: water moves from bodies of water and moist soil into the atmosphere.(Liquid to gas)
Transpiration: release of water vapor by plants through their leaves
Precipitation: water returns to the atmosphere through rain or snow.
Condensation: change in state from gas to liquid. Think of water bottles or cups filled with ice "sweating" or leaving rings on a surface.
What is a biogeochemical cycle?
Nutrients circulating endlessly throughout the environment through complex cycles.
Describe the differences between producers, consumers and decomposers
Producers create their own food sources. Consumers cannot create their own food and have to rely on eating other organisms to survive. Decomposers break down objects or other organisms so that it can contribute to the soil, be taken up by plants as nutrients or return to the atmosphere.
Production of bones, skin, hair, muscles, etc.
List all of the spheres along with what they are made up of. (there are 5)
Geosphere: rock at or below earths surface
Lithosphere: hard rock at or below earths surface
Biosphere: all living, once-living and nonliving
Atmosphere: layers of gasses surrounding earth
Hydrosphere: All water
Describe the characteristics of the three plate boundaries
Divergent: magma, molten rock surges upward to the surface and pushes plates apart.
Transform: plates slipping and grinding along side each other and are responsible for earthquakes.
Convergent: when plates collide one of two things happen. Subduction: crust dives to the mantle and drives up magma causing volcanoes to erupt. The other event is mountain building.
What is eutrophication?
The addition of phosphorus to bodies of water and can lead to an overgrowth of producers (usually algae)
The lithosphere is carried on a softer, but firm layer of rock called:
a.) Geosphere
b.) Asthenosphere
c.) Core
d.) Crust
b.) Asthenosphere