Enzyme Basics
Factors affecting enzymes
Examples
Mechanisms
Miscellaneous
100

What are enzymes made of?

Proteins

100

What happens to an enzyme when it is exposed to extremely high temperatures?

It denatures (loses its shape and function)

100

What enzyme breaks down starch into maltose?

Amylase

100

True or false: For each reaction, there is a specific enzyme.

True

100

What are the 4 classes of biomolecules?

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

200

What is the role of enzymes in chemical reactions?

They act as biological catalysts to speed up reactions by lowering activation energy.

200

Two things that can affect the shape of an enzyme are

pH and temp

200

What enzyme is responsible for breaking down proteins in the stomach

Pepsin

200

What is the term for the energy required to start a chemical reaction?

Activation Energy

200

True or False: All enzymes work best at the same temperature and pH. 

False

300

What is the name of the specific region where a substrate binds to an enzyme?

The active site

300

What inhibitors reduces enzyme productivity and does not enter the active site?

Competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors 

300

What enzyme breaks down lactose in dairy products?

Lactase

300

How many different shaped substrates can fit into one active site? 

Only one substrate can fit.

300

True or False: Many drugs , pesticides, and poisons are enzyme inhibitors

True

400

True or False: Enzymes are consumed during a reaction

False

400

What type of molecule can inhibit enzyme activity by binding to the active site?

Competitive inhibitor
400

What type of macromolecule do lipases break down?

Lipids (fats)

400

What model describes how enzymes and substrates fit together perfectly?

Lock and Key model

400

What are the four levels of protein structure?

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary

500

What is the term for the molecule that an enzyme acts upon?

Substrate

500

Name one cofactor that helps enzymes function properly

zinc, iron or copper.

500

What enzyme replicates DNA during cell division?

DNA polymerase

500

What is the model that explains how enzymes change shape slightly to bind substrates?

Induced Fit model

500

Two steps to making transition state more stable?

Positioning reactants and Straining covalent bonds of reactants. 

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